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Shloka 28

Dāyavibhāga (Inheritance Apportionment) and Household Precedence — Dialogue of Yudhiṣṭhira and Bhīṣma

युधिछिर उवाच कन्यायां प्राप्तशुल्कायां ज्यायांश्वैदाव्रजेद्‌ वर: । धर्मकामार्थसम्पन्नो वाच्यमत्रानृतं न वा,युधिष्ठिरने पूछा--पितामह! यदि एक वरसे कन्याका विवाह पक्का करके उसका मूल्य ले लिया गया हो और पीछे उससे भी श्रेष्ठ धर्म, अर्थ और कामसे सम्पन्न अत्यन्त योग्य वर मिल जाय तो पहले जिससे मूल्य लिया गया है उससे झूठ बोलना--उसको कन्या देनेसे इनकार कर देना चाहिये या नहीं?

Yudhiṣṭhira uvāca: kanyāyāṃ prāptaśulkāyāṃ jyāyān vai dāvrājed varaḥ | dharmakāmārthasampanno vācyam atrānṛtaṃ na vā ||

యుధిష్ఠిరుడు అన్నాడు—పితామహా! ఒక వరుడితో కన్యావివాహం స్థిరపరచి శుల్కం స్వీకరించిన తరువాత, ధర్మ-అర్థ-కామసంపన్నుడైన మరింత శ్రేష్ఠ వరుడు ప్రత్యక్షమైతే, ఈ విషయంలో అసత్యం పలకవలసినదా లేదా? అంటే ముందరి వరుణ్ని తిరస్కరించి కన్యను ఇవ్వకపోవడం సముచితమా?

युधिष्ठिरःYudhiṣṭhira
युधिष्ठिरः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootयुधिष्ठिर
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
उवाचsaid
उवाच:
TypeVerb
Rootवच्
FormPerfect, Third, Singular, Parasmaipada
कन्यायाम्in/with regard to a maiden
कन्यायाम्:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootकन्या
FormFeminine, Locative, Singular
प्राप्त-शुल्कायाम्for whom the bride-price has been received
प्राप्त-शुल्कायाम्:
Adhikarana
TypeAdjective
Rootप्राप्तशुल्का
FormFeminine, Locative, Singular
ज्यायान्a superior (man)
ज्यायान्:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootज्यायस्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
एवindeed/just
एव:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootएव
आदायhaving taken
आदाय:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootआ-दा
FormAbsolutive (Gerund)
व्रजेत्should go/should proceed
व्रजेत्:
TypeVerb
Rootव्रज्
FormOptative, Third, Singular, Parasmaipada
वरःthe suitor/bridegroom
वरः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootवर
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
धर्म-काम-अर्थ-सम्पन्नःendowed with dharma, kāma, and artha
धर्म-काम-अर्थ-सम्पन्नः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootधर्मकामार्थसम्पन्न
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
वाच्यम्to be said / should be spoken
वाच्यम्:
TypeAdjective
Rootवाच्य
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
अत्रhere/in this matter
अत्र:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअत्र
अनृतम्untruth/falsehood
अनृतम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootअनृत
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
not
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
वाor
वा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootवा

युधिछिर उवाच

Y
Yudhiṣṭhira
K
kanyā (the maiden)
V
vara (the suitor/bridegroom)

Educational Q&A

The verse frames a dharma-conflict: whether truthfulness and honoring an accepted marital agreement outweigh the practical advantage of choosing a later, superior match. It asks if falsehood or denial can ever be justified when prior commitment (sealed by accepting śulka) exists.

Yudhiṣṭhira, in dialogue with Bhīṣma (the grandsire), poses a legal-ethical question about marriage customs: after accepting a bride-price and thereby confirming a match, can the family retract the promise if a better-qualified suitor appears, and would such retraction require or constitute untruth?