Shloka 9

Pātra-Lakṣaṇa and Niścita-Dharma

Marks of a Worthy Recipient and Stable Criteria of Dharma

Devanagari script

काम्यया पृष्टवांस्त्वं मां ततो व्याह्मतमुत्तमम्‌ । अनतिक्रमणीया सा कृत्स्नौलेकैस्त्रिभि: सदा

Transliteration

Bhīṣma uvāca: kāmyayā pṛṣṭavāṁs tvaṁ māṁ tato vyākhyātam uttamam | anatikramaṇīyā sā kṛtsnair lokais tribhiḥ sadā ||

Translation

తెలుసుకోవాలనే కోరికతో నీవు నన్ను అడిగితివి; అందుకే నేను దానిని ఉత్తమంగా, సంపూర్ణంగా వివరించితిని. బ్రాహ్మణుని ఆజ్ఞ మూడు లోకాల సమస్త జీవులకు కూడా ఎల్లప్పుడూ అతిక్రమణీయము కాదు.

Word by Word

• काम्यया: by desire / out of wish
• काम्यया: Karana
• Type: Noun
• Root: काम्य (इच्छा/कामना)
• Form: Feminine, Instrumental, Singular

• पृष्टवान्: having asked
• पृष्टवान्: Karta
• Type: Verb
• Root: प्रच्छ्
• Form: Perfect (periphrastic), 3rd, Singular, Masculine, Nominative

• त्वम्: you
• त्वम्: Karta
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: युष्मद्
• Form: —, Nominative, Singular

• माम्: me
• माम्: Karma
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: अस्मद्
• Form: —, Accusative, Singular

• ततः: thereupon / therefore
• ततः: Adhikarana
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: ततः

• व्याख्यातम्: explained / expounded
• व्याख्यातम्: Karma
• Type: Verb
• Root: व्याख्या (from √ख्या with वि-आ-)
• Form: Past passive participle, Neuter, Nominative/Accusative, Singular

• उत्तमम्: excellent / best
• उत्तमम्: Karma
• Type: Adjective
• Root: उत्तम
• Form: Neuter, Nominative/Accusative, Singular

• अनतिक्रमणीया: not to be transgressed
• अनतिक्रमणीया: Karta
• Type: Adjective
• Root: अतिक्रम् (with neg. अन्-), अनतिक्रमणीय
• Form: Feminine, Nominative, Singular

• सा: that (she/it)
• सा: Karta
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: तद्
• Form: Feminine, Nominative, Singular

• कृत्स्नैः: by all / by the entire
• कृत्स्नैः: Karana
• Type: Adjective
• Root: कृत्स्न
• Form: Masculine, Instrumental, Plural

• लोकैः: by worlds / by people of the worlds
• लोकैः: Karana
• Type: Noun
• Root: लोक
• Form: Masculine, Instrumental, Plural

• त्रिभिः: by three
• त्रिभिः: Karana
• Type: Numeral/Adjective
• Root: त्रि
• Form: Masculine, Instrumental, Plural

• सदा: always
• सदा: Adhikarana
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: सदा

Speaker

भीष्म उवाच

Characters & Entities

• Bhīṣma

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

A rightful injunction—especially one grounded in dharma and associated with brahminical authority—is to be treated as inviolable; it should not be transgressed, regardless of status, even in the scope of the three worlds.

What is happening in the narrative?

Bhishma responds to a question posed with sincere curiosity, stating that he has explained the matter thoroughly and emphasizing the binding force of the instruction he has just given.