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Shloka 20

अत्रेः तपोबलप्रकाशः तथा च्यवनस्य सोमाधिकारः

Atri’s Illumination by Tapas; Cyavana and Soma-Entitlement

यह प्रायश्रित्त करनेके बाद उसे सिद्धि प्राप्त होती है और वह भारी आपत्तिमें कभी नहीं पड़ता है ।। यस्तु शूद्रे: समश्रीयाद्‌ ब्राह्मणो5प्येक भोजने । अशौचं विधिवत्‌ तस्य शौचमत्र विधीयते

yaḥ prāyaścittaṃ kṛtvā tataḥ siddhiṃ prāpnoti sa ca gurv-āpadi kadācana na patati. yaḥ tu śūdreṣu samaśrayed brāhmaṇo 'py eka-bhojane, aśaucaṃ vidhivat tasya śaucam atra vidhīyate.

నిర్దిష్ట ప్రాయశ్చిత్తం చేసిన తరువాత అతడు శుద్ధి, సిద్ధి పొందును; ఘోర ఆపదలో పడడు. అయితే బ్రాహ్మణుడైనా ఒకే భోజనంలో శూద్రులతో సమానంగా కలసి భుజిస్తే, అతనికి విధివిధానంగా అశౌచం కలుగుతుందని చెప్పబడింది; అందుకే ఇక్కడ అతనికి శౌచక్రియ (శుద్ధివిధానం) నియమించబడింది.

यःwho
यः:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootयद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
तुbut/indeed
तु:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतु
शूद्रेin/with a Śūdra
शूद्रे:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootशूद्र
FormMasculine, Locative, Singular
समाश्रयेत्should associate/should resort (to)
समाश्रयेत्:
TypeVerb
Rootसम्-आ-श्रि
FormOptative (Vidhi-lin), 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada
ब्राह्मणःa Brahmin
ब्राह्मणः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootब्राह्मण
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
अपिeven/also
अपि:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअपि
एकin one (single)
एक:
Adhikarana
TypeAdjective
Rootएक
FormNeuter, Locative, Singular
भोजनेmeal/eating
भोजने:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootभोजन
FormNeuter, Locative, Singular
अशौचम्impurity
अशौचम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootअशौच
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
विधिवत्according to rule
विधिवत्:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootविधिवत्
तस्यof him
तस्य:
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine, Genitive, Singular
शौचम्purification/cleanliness
शौचम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootशौच
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
अत्रhere/in this matter
अत्र:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअत्र
विधीयतेis prescribed/is enjoined
विधीयते:
TypeVerb
Rootवि-धा
FormPresent, 3rd, Singular, Passive (Karmani)

भीष्य उवाच

B
Bhīṣma
B
brāhmaṇa
Ś
śūdra

Educational Q&A

The verse teaches that faults leading to ritual impurity can be remedied through properly performed prāyaścitta, restoring śauca and preventing further downfall; it also underscores that certain forms of social mixing in a shared meal context are treated by dharma-text logic as generating aśauca for a brāhmaṇa, requiring prescribed purification.

In Anuśāsana Parva, Bhīṣma instructs Yudhiṣṭhira on dharma. Here he is laying out rules about impurity and its removal, specifying that when a brāhmaṇa incurs aśauca through particular conduct (such as equal association with śūdras in a shared meal), the text prescribes the appropriate cleansing rite.