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Shloka 43

Vānaprastha-dharma and Tapas: Śiva–Umā Saṃvāda

Forest-Stage Discipline and Austerity

ये मया कथिता दोषास्ते तथा स्युर्न चान्यथा । तस्मात्‌ स्नात:ः शुचि: क्षान्तः श्राद्ध भुञज्जीत वै द्विज:

ye mayā kathitā doṣās te tathā syur na cānyathā | tasmāt snātaḥ śuciḥ kṣāntaḥ śrāddha-bhuñjīta vai dvijaḥ ||

నేను చెప్పిన దోషాలు అచ్చంగా అలాగే ఫలిస్తాయి; వేరేలా కాదు. కాబట్టి స్నానం చేసి, శుద్ధుడై, క్షమాశీలుడై ద్విజుడు శ్రాద్ధ భోజనాన్ని స్వీకరించాలి.

येwhich (those)
ये:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootयद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
मयाby me
मया:
Karana
TypePronoun
Rootअस्मद्
Form—, Instrumental, Singular
कथिताःtold, stated
कथिताः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootकथित (कथ् + क्त)
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
दोषाःfaults, defects
दोषाः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootदोष
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
तेthose
ते:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
तथाthus, so
तथा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतथा
स्युःwould be / should be
स्युः:
TypeVerb
Rootअस्
FormOptative (Vidhi-lin), 3rd, Plural, Parasmaipada
not
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
अन्यथाotherwise
अन्यथा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअन्यथा
तस्मात्therefore, from that
तस्मात्:
Apadana
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine/Neuter, Ablative, Singular
स्नातःhaving bathed
स्नातः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootस्नात (स्ना + क्त)
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
शुचिःpure, clean
शुचिः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootशुचि
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
क्षान्तःpatient, forgiving
क्षान्तः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootक्षान्त (क्षम् + क्त)
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
श्राद्धम्śrāddha (rite/meal offering)
श्राद्धम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootश्राद्ध
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
भुञ्जीतshould eat/partake
भुञ्जीत:
TypeVerb
Rootभुज्
FormOptative (Vidhi-lin), 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada
वैindeed
वै:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootवै
द्विजःa Brahmin (twice-born)
द्विजः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootद्विज
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular

देवदूत उवाच

D
devadūta (divine messenger)
D
dvija (brahmin)

Educational Q&A

Ritual acts like śrāddha must be approached with disciplined purity: after bathing, maintaining cleanliness and patience/self-control, the brahmin should partake of the śrāddha meal, since the previously stated ritual faults have definite consequences.

A divine messenger concludes an instruction by affirming the certainty of the defects (doṣas) earlier explained and then gives a practical directive: the proper state and conduct required for a dvija when eating in the context of a śrāddha.