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Shloka 41

Vānaprastha-dharma and Tapas: Śiva–Umā Saṃvāda

Forest-Stage Discipline and Austerity

एतत्‌ ते कथित सर्व त्रिषु पिण्डेषु या गति: । ऋत्विग्यो यजमानस्य पितृत्वमनुगच्छति

etat te kathitaṃ sarvaṃ triṣu piṇḍeṣu yā gatiḥ | ṛtvigyo yajamānasya pitṛtvam anugacchati ||

ఇది అంతా నీకు చెప్పబడింది—మూడు పిండాల గతి కూడా. శ్రాద్ధ భోజనానికి ఆహ్వానించబడిన ఋత్విజుడు ఆ రోజున యజమానుని పితృభావాన్ని అనుసరిస్తాడు (తండ్రి స్థితిని పొందుతాడు).

एतत्this (thing)
एतत्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootएतद्
FormNeuter, Nominative/Accusative, Singular
तेto you / your
ते:
Sampradana
TypePronoun
Rootत्वद्
Form—, Dative/Genitive, Singular
कथितम्told, narrated
कथितम्:
Karma
TypeVerb
Rootकथ्
Formक्त (past passive participle), Neuter, Nominative/Accusative, Singular
सर्वम्all
सर्वम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootसर्व
FormNeuter, Nominative/Accusative, Singular
त्रिषुin/among three
त्रिषु:
Adhikarana
TypeNumeral/Adjective
Rootत्रि
Form—, Locative, Plural
पिण्डेषुin the piṇḍas (funeral rice-balls/offerings)
पिण्डेषु:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootपिण्ड
FormMasculine, Locative, Plural
याwhich
या:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootयद्
FormFeminine, Nominative, Singular
गतिःcourse, destiny, state
गतिः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootगति
FormFeminine, Nominative, Singular
ऋत्विग्यःthe officiating priests
ऋत्विग्यः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootऋत्विज्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
यजमानस्यof the sacrificer (patron)
यजमानस्य:
Sambandha
TypeNoun
Rootयजमान
FormMasculine, Genitive, Singular
पितृत्वम्the status/role of a father (pitr-hood)
पितृत्वम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootपितृत्व
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
अनुगच्छतिfollows, attains
अनुगच्छति:
Kriya
TypeVerb
Rootअनु-गम्
FormPresent (Lat), 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada

देवदूत उवाच

D
devadūta (divine messenger)
ṛtvij (officiating priest)
Y
yajamāna (ritual patron)
P
piṇḍa (śrāddha offering)

Educational Q&A

The verse emphasizes the sanctity of the śrāddha context: the invited officiant/priest is to be regarded as embodying the father (pitṛ) for that day, so the household observes heightened restraint—especially avoiding sexual intercourse—as an act of reverence and ritual discipline.

A divine messenger (devadūta) concludes an explanation about the ‘three piṇḍas’ and their associated outcomes, then states a rule of conduct for śrāddha: the invited priest assumes the father’s status for the day, shaping how the patron’s household should behave.