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Shloka 22

Tapovana-praveśaḥ — The King’s Entry into the Sacred Grove and Vision of the Āśrama

फेनपांश्व तथा वत्सान्‌ न दुहन्ति सम मानवा: | न कूटमानैर्वणिज: पाण्यं विक्रीणते तदा,जबतक बछड़े केवल दूधपर रहते, घास नहीं चरते, तबतक मनुष्य गौओंका दूध नहीं दुहते थे। व्यापारीलोग बेचने योग्य वस्तुओंका झूठे माप-तौलद्दवारा विक्रय नहीं करते थे

phaṇapaṁśv tathā vatsān na duhanti sama mānavāḥ | na kūṭamānair vaṇijaḥ pāṇyaṁ vikrīṇate tadā ||

వైశంపాయనుడు పలికెను—దూడలు కేవలం పాలపైనే ఆధారపడినంతవరకు మనుష్యులు ఆవులను పాలు దోచేవారు కాదు. అలాగే ఆ రోజుల్లో వ్యాపారులు తప్పుడు తూకాలు-కొలతలతో సరుకును అమ్మేవారు కాదు।

फेनपांश्वfoam and dust (i.e., impure/undesirable things)
फेनपांश्व:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootफेनपांशु
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
तथाand/also; thus
तथा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतथा
वत्सान्calves
वत्सान्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootवत्स
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
not
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
दुहन्तिthey milk
दुहन्ति:
TypeVerb
Rootदुह्
FormPresent, Third, Plural, Parasmaipada
समम्equally; together
समम्:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootसम
मानवाःpeople; men
मानवाः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootमानव
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
not
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
कूटमानैःwith false measures/weights
कूटमानैः:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootकूटमान
FormNeuter, Instrumental, Plural
वणिजःmerchants
वणिजः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootवणिज्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
पण्यंmerchandise; saleable goods
पण्यं:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootपण्य
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
विक्रीणतेthey sell
विक्रीणते:
TypeVerb
Rootवि + क्री
FormPresent, Third, Plural, Atmanepada
तदाthen; at that time
तदा:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतदा

वैशम्पायन उवाच

V
Vaiśampāyana
C
calves
M
merchants
M
measures/weights
M
merchandise

Educational Q&A

The verse highlights dharmic restraint and honesty: do not deprive dependents of their due (calves’ share of milk) and do not cheat in commerce (no false weights).

Vaiśampāyana is describing the moral character of an earlier time, portraying a society where people acted fairly toward animals and maintained integrity in trade.