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Shloka 8

कुरुवंशप्रश्नः—दुःषन्तस्य राजधर्मवर्णनम्

Kuru Lineage Inquiry and the Portrait of King Duḥṣanta’s Rule

कथं व्यसनिन द्ूुते पार्थो माद्रीसुतोौ तदा । अन्वयुस्ते नरव्याप्रा बाध्यमाना दुरात्मभि:,कुन्तीके दोनों पुत्र भीमसेन और अर्जुन तथा माद्री-नन्दन नकुल और सहदेव भी उस समय दुष्ट कौरवोंद्वारा अकारण सताये गये थे। उन चारों भाइयोंने जुएके दुर्व्यसनमें फँसे हुए राजा युधिष्ठिरका साथ क्यों दिया?

kathaṁ vyasaninī dyūte pārtho mādrīsuto tau tadā | anvayuḥ te naravyāprā bādhyamānā durātmabhiḥ ||

జనమేజయుడు అడిగాడు—ఆ సమయంలో యుధిష్ఠిరుడు పాశక్రీడ వ్యసనంలో పడిపోయి, దురాత్ములచే వేధింపబడుతున్నప్పటికీ, భీమ-అర్జునులు మరియు మాద్రీసుతులు నకుల-సహదేవులు వంటి సమర్థ నరశ్రేష్ఠులు ఎందుకు ఆయనను అనుసరించి తోడుగా నిలిచారు?

कथम्how?
कथम्:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootकथम्
व्यसनिन्O addicted one / O one in vice
व्यसनिन्:
TypeAdjective
Rootव्यसनिन्
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular
द्यूतेin gambling / in the game of dice
द्यूते:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootद्यूत
FormNeuter, Locative, Singular
पार्थःArjuna (son of Pṛthā)
पार्थः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootपार्थ
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
माद्रीसुतःMādrī's son (Nakula/Sahadeva)
माद्रीसुतः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootमाद्रीसुत
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
तदाthen, at that time
तदा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतदा
अन्वयुःfollowed, accompanied
अन्वयुः:
TypeVerb
Rootअनु-इ
FormPerfect, 3rd, Plural, Parasmaipada
तेthey
ते:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
नरव्याप्राःmen like tigers / tiger-like men
नरव्याप्राः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootनरव्याप्र
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
बाध्यमानाःbeing oppressed/harassed
बाध्यमानाः:
TypeVerb
Rootबाध्
Formशानच् (present passive participle), Masculine, Nominative, Plural
दुरात्मभिःby wicked-souled men
दुरात्मभिः:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootदुरात्मन्
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Plural

जनमेजय उवाच

J
Janamejaya
Y
Yudhiṣṭhira
K
Kuntī (Pṛthā)
M
Mādrī
N
Nakula
S
Sahadeva
K
Kauravas (implied as durātmabhiḥ)
D
Dyūta (dice game)

Educational Q&A

The verse frames an ethical problem: why virtuous and capable brothers remain loyal to an elder who has fallen into a destructive vice. It points to dharma-based loyalty—respect for the elder, commitment to family unity, and the duty to share consequences—while also inviting reflection on how righteousness responds to another’s moral lapse.

Janamejaya asks the narrator to explain why the Pandava brothers—especially the two sons of Mādrī—continued to accompany and support Yudhiṣṭhira during the dice-related calamity, even as the wicked Kauravas oppressed them. The question seeks the motive and dharmic rationale behind their solidarity.