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Shloka 5

Ādi-parva Adhyāya 3 — Janamejaya’s Rite, Dhaumya’s Parīkṣā, and Uttanka’s Kuṇḍala Quest (सर्पसत्रप्रस्तावना–गुरुपरीक्षा–उत्तङ्कोपाख्यान)

त॑ माता प्रत्युवाच व्यक्त त्वया तत्रापराद्धं येनास्यभिहत इति,तब माता उससे बोली--“बेटा! अवश्य ही तूने उनका कोई प्रकटरूपमें अपराध किया होगा, जिसके कारण उन्होंने तुझे मारा है”

tā mātā pratyuvāca vyaktaṃ tvayā tatrāparāddhaṃ yenāsyābhihata iti

అప్పుడు తల్లి చెప్పింది—“బిడ్డా! నీవు అక్కడ ఏదో స్పష్టమైన అపరాధం చేసినట్టుంది; అందుకే వారు నిన్ను కొట్టారు.”

साshe (that woman)
सा:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormFeminine, Nominative, Singular
माताmother
माता:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootमातृ
FormFeminine, Nominative, Singular
प्रत्युवाचreplied
प्रत्युवाच:
TypeVerb
Rootवच्
FormPerfect (Liṭ), 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada
व्यक्तम्certainly, clearly
व्यक्तम्:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootव्यक्त
त्वयाby you
त्वया:
Karana
TypePronoun
Rootयुष्मद्
FormInstrumental, Singular
तत्रthere
तत्र:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतत्र
अपराद्धम्offended, committed an offence
अपराद्धम्:
Karma
TypeVerb
Rootअपराध्
Formक्त (past passive participle), Neuter, Accusative, Singular
येनby which (because of which)
येन:
Karana
TypePronoun
Rootयद्
FormNeuter, Instrumental, Singular
अस्यof him/this one
अस्य:
TypePronoun
Rootइदम्
FormMasculine/Neuter, Genitive, Singular
अभिहतःstruck, killed
अभिहतः:
TypeVerb
Rootअभि-हन्
Formक्त (past passive participle), Masculine, Nominative, Singular
इतिthus (quotative)
इति:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइति

राम उवाच

M
mātā (mother)
T
tvam (son addressed)
A
asya (the one who struck / the other person, unnamed)

Educational Q&A

The verse highlights ethical self-scrutiny: when one suffers harm, one should first consider whether one’s own misconduct (aparādha) provoked it. It reflects a dharmic tendency to interpret events through responsibility and moral causality rather than immediate retaliation.

A son reports being struck, and his mother responds by inferring that he must have committed some clear offence in that situation; she explains the beating as a consequence of that fault.