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Shloka 15

Ruru–Ḍuṇḍubha Saṃvāda: Śāpa, Mokṣa, and Ahiṃsā-Upadeśa

Chapter 11

वेदवेदाड़विन्नाम सर्वभूताभयप्रद: । अहिंसा सत्यवचन क्षमा चेति विनिश्चितम्‌,“वह वेद-वेदांगोंका विद्वान्‌ और समस्त प्राणियोंको अभय देनेवाला होता है। अहिंसा, सत्यभाषण, क्षमा और वेदोंका स्वाध्याय निश्चय ही ये ब्राह्मणके उत्तम धर्म हैं। क्षत्रियका जो धर्म है वह तुम्हारे लिये अभीष्ट नहीं है

veda-vedāṅga-vid nāma sarva-bhūtābhaya-pradaḥ | ahiṃsā satya-vacanaṃ kṣamā ceti viniścitam ||

వేదములు, వేదాంగములలో నిపుణుడనబడేవాడు సమస్త ప్రాణులకు అభయమును ప్రసాదించువాడే. అహింస, సత్యవచనం, క్షమ—ఇవే నిశ్చయంగా (అతని) ధర్మములని స్థిరమైంది.

वेदthe Veda
वेद:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootवेद
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
वेदाङ्गthe Vedāṅgas (auxiliary sciences of the Veda)
वेदाङ्ग:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootवेदाङ्ग
FormNeuter, Accusative, Plural
विद्वान्learned, knower
विद्वान्:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootविद्वस्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
नामindeed; namely
नाम:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootनाम
सर्वभूताभयप्रदःgiver of fearlessness to all beings
सर्वभूताभयप्रदः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootसर्व-भूत-अभय-प्रद
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
अहिंसाnon-violence
अहिंसा:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootअहिंसा
FormFeminine, Nominative, Singular
सत्यवचनम्truthful speech
सत्यवचनम्:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootसत्य-वचन
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
क्षमाforbearance, forgiveness
क्षमा:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootक्षमा
FormFeminine, Nominative, Singular
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
इतिthus
इति:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइति
विनिश्चितम्determined, ascertained
विनिश्चितम्:
TypeVerb
Rootवि-नि-√चि
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular

डुण्ड्रुभ उवाच

Ḍuṇḍrubha
V
Veda
V
Vedāṅga
B
Brāhmaṇa
K
Kṣatriya

Educational Q&A

The verse defines the highest brāhmaṇa-ethic as non-violence, truthful speech, forbearance, and disciplined Vedic study, emphasizing that true learning expresses itself as giving safety and fearlessness to all beings rather than adopting a warrior’s mode of conduct.

Ḍuṇḍrubha is instructing an interlocutor about appropriate conduct (dharma), contrasting brāhmaṇa duties with kṣatriya duties and advising that the warrior’s path is not suitable for the person being addressed at that moment.