Shloka 63

Prākṛta-pralaya, Pratisarga Doctrine, and the Ishvara-Samanvaya of Yoga and Devotion

Devanagari script

नमो ऽस्तु कालरुद्राय कालरूपाय ते नमः / स्वर्गापवर्गदात्रे च नमो ऽप्रतिहतात्मने

Transliteration

namo 'stu kālarudrāya kālarūpāya te namaḥ / svargāpavargadātre ca namo 'pratihatātmane

Translation

కాలరుద్రునికి నమస్కారం; కాలస్వరూపుడవైన నీకు నమస్కారం. స్వర్గమూ అపవర్గమూ (మోక్షం) ప్రసాదించువాడా, నీకు నమస్కారం; అప్రతిహతాత్మా, అజేయ ప్రభూ, నీకు నమస్కారం.

Word by Word

• नमः: salutation
• नमः: Sambodhana/Address (सम्बोधन-प्रयोग)
• Type: Noun
• Root: नमस् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/प्रथमा), एकवचन; indeclinable-like usage as salutation formula

• अस्तु: let it be
• अस्तु: Kriya (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: अस् (धातु)
• Form: लोट् (imperative/आज्ञार्थ), प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन; परस्मैपद

• कालरुद्राय: to Kālarudra
• कालरुद्राय: Sampradana (सम्प्रदान)
• Type: Noun
• Root: काल-रुद्र (प्रातिपदिक; components: काल + रुद्र)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, चतुर्थी (4th/सम्प्रदान), एकवचन

• कालरूपाय: to the time-formed one
• कालरूपाय: Sampradana (सम्प्रदान)
• Type: Noun
• Root: काल-रूप (प्रातिपदिक; components: काल + रूप)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, चतुर्थी (4th/सम्प्रदान), एकवचन

• ते: your/unto you
• ते: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Noun
• Root: युष्मद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: षष्ठी (6th/सम्बन्ध), एकवचन; enclitic pronoun

• नमः: salutation
• नमः: Sambodhana/Address (सम्बोधन-प्रयोग)
• Type: Noun
• Root: नमस् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/प्रथमा), एकवचन; repeated salutation

• स्वर्गापवर्गदात्रे: to the giver of heaven and liberation
• स्वर्गापवर्गदात्रे: Sampradana (सम्प्रदान)
• Type: Noun
• Root: स्वर्ग-अपवर्ग-दातृ (प्रातिपदिक; components: स्वर्ग + अपवर्ग + दातृ)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, चतुर्थी (4th/सम्प्रदान), एकवचन; दातृ-शब्द (agent noun)

• च: and
• च: Samuccaya (समुच्चय)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (अव्यय)
• Form: समुच्चयबोधक-अव्यय (conjunction)

• नमः: salutation
• नमः: Sambodhana/Address (सम्बोधन-प्रयोग)
• Type: Noun
• Root: नमस् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/प्रथमा), एकवचन

• अप्रतिहतात्मने: to the one whose self is unobstructed
• अप्रतिहतात्मने: Sampradana (सम्प्रदान)
• Type: Noun
• Root: अ-प्रतिहत-आत्मन् (प्रातिपदिक; components: अप्रतिहत + आत्मन्)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, चतुर्थी (4th/सम्प्रदान), एकवचन; आत्मन्-शब्द

Speaker

A devotee/supplicant within the Kurma Purana narrative (stotra-style praise addressed to Rudra/Śiva as Kāla)

Verse Rasa

Primary Rasa: bhayanaka

Secondary Rasa: shanta

Characters & Entities

• Kālarudra
• Rudra
• Kāla (Time)
• Svarga
• Apavarga (Moksha)

More Details (4 sections)

FAQs

How does this verse explain the nature of the Supreme Self (Atman)?

It portrays the Lord as “apratihatātman”—the Self that cannot be obstructed—implying an ultimate reality beyond limitation, whose power is not checked by time, fate, or any opposing force.

What Yoga or Meditative practices are highlighted here?

The verse models stotra-bhakti as a yogic support: contemplative remembrance of Rudra as Kāla (Time) and as the giver of both worldly reward (svarga) and final release (apavarga), aligning aspiration from dharma to mokṣa.

How does this verse depict the relationship between Shiva and Vishnu?

By identifying the praised Lord with the cosmic principle of Kāla and as bestower of mokṣa, it supports the Kurma Purana’s synthetic vision where the supreme function—granting liberation—transcends sectarian division and points to a single Lord understood through Śiva/Rudra and also resonant with Viṣṇu’s supreme role.