Shloka 42

Īśvara-gītā (Adhyāya 2) — Ātma-svarūpa, Māyā, and the Unity of Sāṅkhya–Yoga

Devanagari script

यदेव योगिनो यान्ति सांख्यैस्तदधिगम्यते / एकं सांख्यं च योगं च यः पश्यति स तत्त्ववित्

Transliteration

yadeva yogino yānti sāṃkhyaistadadhigamyate / ekaṃ sāṃkhyaṃ ca yogaṃ ca yaḥ paśyati sa tattvavit

Translation

యోగులు చేరే పరమ గమ్యమే సాంఖ్యులు కూడా గ్రహిస్తారు. సాంఖ్యమును యోగమును ఒక్కటిగా దర్శించువాడే తత్త్వవేత్త.

Word by Word

• यत्: which (that which)
• यत्: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: यद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: सर्वनाम (relative), नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति (Accusative), एकवचन

• एव: indeed; exactly
• एव: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Emphasis)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: एव (अव्यय)
• Form: निपात (emphasis)

• योगिनः: yogins
• योगिनः: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: योगिन् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुल्लिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति (Nominative), बहुवचन

• यान्ति: go; attain
• यान्ति: Kriya (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: या (धातु)
• Form: लट्-लकार (Present), प्रथम-पुरुष, बहुवचन; परस्मैपद

• सांख्यैः: by the Sāṃkhyas
• सांख्यैः: Karana (करण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: सांख्य (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुल्लिङ्ग, तृतीया-विभक्ति (Instrumental/करण), बहुवचन; ‘by the Sāṃkhyas’ (followers)

• तत्: that
• तत्: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: तद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: सर्वनाम, नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन

• अधिगम्यते: is attained; is realized
• अधिगम्यते: Kriya (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: अधि+√गम् (धातु)
• Form: लट्-लकार (Present), प्रथम-पुरुष, एकवचन; कर्मणि-प्रयोग (passive)

• एकम्: one; single
• एकम्: Visheshana (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: एक (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति (Accusative), एकवचन; विशेषण

• सांख्यम्: Sāṃkhya
• सांख्यम्: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: सांख्य (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति (Accusative), एकवचन

• च: and
• च: Samuccaya (समुच्चय)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (अव्यय)
• Form: समुच्चय-अव्यय (conjunction)

• योगम्: yoga
• योगम्: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: योग (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुल्लिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति (Accusative), एकवचन

• च: and
• च: Samuccaya (समुच्चय)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (अव्यय)
• Form: समुच्चय-अव्यय (conjunction)

• यः: who
• यः: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: यद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: सर्वनाम (relative), पुल्लिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति (Nominative), एकवचन

• पश्यति: sees; regards
• पश्यति: Kriya (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: दृश् (धातु)
• Form: लट्-लकार (Present), प्रथम-पुरुष, एकवचन; परस्मैपद

• सः: he
• सः: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: तद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: सर्वनाम, पुल्लिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन

• तत्त्ववित्: knower of truth
• तत्त्ववित्: Samjna (संज्ञा/Predicate-noun)
• Type: Noun
• Root: तत्त्व+विद् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुल्लिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन; उपपद-तत्पुरुषः (तत्त्वं वेत्ति इति)

Speaker

Lord Kurma (Vishnu) instructing King Indradyumna (Ishvara Gita section)

Verse Rasa

Primary Rasa: shanta

Secondary Rasa: adbhuta

Characters & Entities

• Lord Kurma
• Vishnu
• Sankhya
• Yoga

More Details (3 sections)

FAQs

How does this verse explain the nature of the Supreme Self (Atman)?

It teaches that the ultimate realization is one and the same—whether approached through discriminative knowledge (Sāṃkhya) or meditative discipline (Yoga)—implying a single, non-contradictory Truth to be realized.

What Yoga or Meditative practices are highlighted here?

The verse emphasizes Yoga as a direct means to the same realization as Sāṃkhya—pointing to disciplined practice (yoga-sādhana) aligned with right discernment, a hallmark of the Kurma Purana’s Ishvara Gita orientation toward integrated practice and insight.

How does this verse depict the relationship between Shiva and Vishnu?

While not naming Shiva explicitly, the teaching reflects the Purana’s synthesis: one liberating Reality can be approached through multiple orthodox disciplines, consistent with the Ishvara Gita’s harmonizing Shaiva-Vaishnava theological tone.