Shloka 13

Durjaya, Urvaśī, and the Expiation at Vārāṇasī

Genealogy and Sin-Removal through Viśveśvara

Devanagari script

ओमित्युक्त्वा ययौ तूर्णं पुरीं परमशोभनाम् / गत्वा पतिव्रतां पत्नीं दृष्ट्वा बीतो ऽभवन्नृपः

Transliteration

omityuktvā yayau tūrṇaṃ purīṃ paramaśobhanām / gatvā pativratāṃ patnīṃ dṛṣṭvā bīto 'bhavannṛpaḥ

Translation

“ఓం” అని పలికి అతడు త్వరగా అత్యంత శోభాయమాన నగరానికి వెళ్లాడు. అక్కడికి వెళ్లి పతివ్రత అయిన భార్యను చూసి రాజు భయపడెను.

Word by Word

• om: ‘Om’/yes
• om: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/particle)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: om (अव्यय)
• Form: Interjection/assent particle (उद्गार/निपात)

• iti: thus
• iti: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/quotative)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: iti (अव्यय)
• Form: Quotative particle (इति-निपात)

• uktvā: having said
• uktvā: Kriya (क्रिया/पूर्वकर्म)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √vac (वच् धातु)
• Form: Absolutive/Gerund (क्त्वा) from √vac with past stem ukta; prior action

• yayau: went
• yayau: Kriya (क्रिया/Verb)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √yā (या धातु)
• Form: Perfect (लिट्), Parasmaipada, 3rd person, Singular

• tūrṇam: quickly
• tūrṇam: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Adverbial)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: tūrṇa (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Adverbial accusative used as indeclinable (क्रियाविशेषण-रूप)

• purīm: to the city
• purīm: Karma (कर्म/Goal)
• Type: Noun
• Root: purī (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Feminine, Accusative (2nd/द्वितीया), Singular

• parama-śobhanām: most beautiful
• parama-śobhanām: Karma (कर्म/Object-qualifier)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: parama + śobhanā (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Feminine, Accusative (2nd/द्वितीया), Singular; Karmadhāraya: 'supremely' + 'beautiful' qualifying purīm

• gatvā: having gone
• gatvā: Kriya (क्रिया/पूर्वकर्म)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √gam (गम् धातु)
• Form: Absolutive/Gerund (क्त्वा)

• pati-vratām: devoted to her husband
• pati-vratām: Karma (कर्म/Object-qualifier)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: pati + vratā (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Feminine, Accusative (2nd/द्वितीया), Singular; Tatpuruṣa: 'devoted to husband' qualifying patnīm

• patnīm: wife
• patnīm: Karma (कर्म/Object)
• Type: Noun
• Root: patnī (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Feminine, Accusative (2nd/द्वितीया), Singular

• dṛṣṭvā: having seen
• dṛṣṭvā: Kriya (क्रिया/पूर्वकर्म)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √dṛś (दृश् धातु)
• Form: Absolutive/Gerund (क्त्वा)

• bītaḥ: afraid
• bītaḥ: Kartr̥ (कर्ता/Subject-qualifier)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: bīta (प्रातिपदिक; √bhī/भी धातु, क्त)
• Form: Past passive participle (क्त), Masculine, Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Singular

• abhavat: became/was
• abhavat: Kriya (क्रिया/Verb)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √bhū (भू धातु)
• Form: Imperfect (लङ्), Parasmaipada, 3rd person, Singular

• nṛpaḥ: the king
• nṛpaḥ: Kartr̥ (कर्ता/Subject)
• Type: Noun
• Root: nṛpa (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Singular

Speaker

Sūta (narrator) recounting the episode within the Purva-bhāga narrative frame

Verse Rasa

Primary Rasa: bhayanaka

Secondary Rasa: karuna

Characters & Entities

• Om
• the King (nṛpa)
• pativratā wife
• the splendid city (purī)

More Details (4 sections)

FAQs

How does this verse explain the nature of the Supreme Self (Atman)?

Indirectly: the utterance of “Om” signals alignment with the supreme Brahman/Īśvara, while the king’s fear upon seeing a pativrata underscores how dharma functions as a moral mirror—prompting self-examination before the higher truth symbolized by Om.

What Yoga or Meditative practices are highlighted here?

The verse foregrounds mantra-orientation through “Om,” implying recollection of Īśvara (īśvara-smṛti) as a preparatory discipline; it also emphasizes ethical purity (dharma via pativrata-ideal) as the ground on which higher yogic practice (including later Pāśupata-oriented teachings in the Kurma Purana) becomes stable.

How does this verse depict the relationship between Shiva and Vishnu?

Not explicitly, yet it fits the Kurma Purana’s synthetic tone: “Om” functions as a shared sign of the one supreme reality revered in both Śaiva and Vaiṣṇava streams, while dharma (here, pativrata) is upheld as universally authoritative beyond sectarian boundaries.