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Shloka 1

Kardama Muni’s Penance, Viṣṇu’s Darśana, and the Arrangement of Devahūti’s Marriage

विदुर उवाच स्वायम्भुवस्य च मनोर्वंश: परमसम्मत: । कथ्यतां भगवन् यत्र मैथुनेनैधिरे प्रजा: ॥ १ ॥

vidura uvāca svāyambhuvasya ca manor vaṁśaḥ parama-sammataḥ kathyatāṁ bhagavan yatra maithunenaidhire prajāḥ

విదురుడు అన్నాడు: స్వాయంభువ మనువు వంశము అత్యంత గౌరవనీయము. ఓ భగవన్, దయచేసి ఆ వంశాన్ని వివరించండి; అక్కడ మైథునం ద్వారా ప్రజలు విస్తరించారు।

विदुरःVidura
विदुरः:
कर्ता (Kartā/subject)
TypeNoun
Rootविदुर (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग (Masculine), प्रथमा-विभक्ति (Nominative/1st), एकवचन (Singular)
उवाचsaid
उवाच:
क्रिया (verbal action)
TypeVerb
Rootवच् (धातु)
Formलिट्-लकार (Perfect), परस्मैपद, प्रथम-पुरुष (3rd person), एकवचन (Singular)
स्वायम्भुवस्यof Svāyambhuva (Manu)
स्वायम्भुवस्य:
सम्बन्ध (genitive relation)
TypeNoun
Rootस्वायम्भुव (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग (Masculine), षष्ठी-विभक्ति (Genitive/6th), एकवचन (Singular)
and
:
सम्बन्ध (connector)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootच (अव्यय)
Formसमुच्चय-अव्यय (conjunction)
मनोःof Manu
मनोः:
सम्बन्ध (genitive relation)
TypeNoun
Rootमनु (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग (Masculine), षष्ठी-विभक्ति (Genitive/6th), एकवचन (Singular)
वंशःlineage
वंशः:
कर्ता (Kartā/subject)
TypeNoun
Rootवंश (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग (Masculine), प्रथमा-विभक्ति (Nominative/1st), एकवचन (Singular)
परमसम्मतःmost esteemed
परमसम्मतः:
विशेषण (adjectival qualifier)
TypeAdjective
Rootपरम + सम्मत (प्रातिपदिक-समूह)
Formपुंलिङ्ग (Masculine), प्रथमा-विभक्ति (Nominative/1st), एकवचन (Singular); कर्मधारय-समासः (descriptive: ‘supremely approved’)
कथ्यताम्let it be told / please describe
कथ्यताम्:
क्रिया (injunctive request)
TypeVerb
Rootकथ् (धातु)
Formलोट्-लकार (Imperative), कर्मणि-प्रयोग (Passive), प्रथम-पुरुष (3rd person), एकवचन (Singular)
भगवन्O venerable one
भगवन्:
सम्बोधन (address)
TypeNoun
Rootभगवत् (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग (Masculine), सम्बोधन-विभक्ति (Vocative), एकवचन (Singular)
यत्रwhere
यत्र:
अधिकरण (Adhikaraṇa/locative sense)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootयत्र (अव्यय)
Formस्थानवाचक-अव्यय (relative adverb: ‘where’)
मैथुनेनby sexual union
मैथुनेन:
करण (Karaṇa/instrument)
TypeNoun
Rootमैथुन (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग (Neuter), तृतीया-विभक्ति (Instrumental/3rd), एकवचन (Singular)
एधिरेprospered / increased
एधिरे:
क्रिया (verbal action)
TypeVerb
Rootएध् (धातु)
Formलिट्-लकार (Perfect), आत्मनेपद, प्रथम-पुरुष (3rd person), बहुवचन (Plural)
प्रजाःthe progeny
प्रजाः:
कर्ता (Kartā/subject)
TypeNoun
Rootप्रजा (प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग (Feminine), प्रथमा-विभक्ति (Nominative/1st), बहुवचन (Plural)

Regulated sex life to generate good population is worth accepting. Actually, Vidura was not interested in hearing the history of persons who merely engaged in sex life, but he was interested in the progeny of Svāyambhuva Manu because in that dynasty good devotee kings appeared who protected their subjects very carefully with spiritual knowledge. By hearing the history of their activities, therefore, one becomes more enlightened. An important word used in this connection is parama-sammataḥ, which indicates that the progeny created by Svāyambhuva Manu and his sons was approved of by great authorities. In other words, sex life for creating exemplary population is acceptable to all sages and authorities of Vedic scripture.

V
Vidura
S
Svayambhuva Manu

FAQs

This verse states that Svāyambhuva Manu’s lineage is especially revered and worthy of narration, particularly regarding how beings increased within it.

Vidura wants the sage to explain the early expansion of population—how creation progressed through regulated household life and procreation within Manu’s celebrated line.

It points to responsible, dharmic family life—seeing marriage and procreation as sacred duties within a larger spiritual and social order, not merely sense enjoyment.