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Shloka 20

Prāyaścitta, the ‘Elephant Bath’ Problem, and the Opening of Ajāmila-Upākhyāna

अत्र चोदाहरन्तीममितिहासं पुरातनम् । दूतानां विष्णुयमयो: संवादस्तं निबोध मे ॥ २० ॥

atra codāharantīmam itihāsaṁ purātanam dūtānāṁ viṣṇu-yamayoḥ saṁvādas taṁ nibodha me

ఈ విషయములో పండితులు, సాధువులు ఒక ప్రాచీన ఇతిహాసాన్ని ఉదాహరిస్తారు; విష్ణుదూతలు మరియు యమదూతల మధ్య జరిగిన సంభాషణను నన్ను నుండి వినుము।

atrahere
atra:
Adhikarana (अधिकरण)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootatra (अव्यय)
Formदेशवाचक-अव्यय (here)
caand
ca:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootca (अव्यय)
Formसमुच्चयार्थक-अव्यय (and)
udāharantithey cite/relate
udāharanti:
Kriya (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootud + √āhṛ (आहृ/हृ, धातु)
Formलट् (Present/लट्), परस्मैपद, प्रथमपुरुष, बहुवचन; ‘उदाहरन्ति’ = उदाहरणं वदन्ति/उद्घोषयन्ति
imamthis
imam:
Karma (कर्म/object)
TypeNoun
Rootidam (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd/Accusative), एकवचन; सर्वनाम
itihāsamhistorical account/legend
itihāsam:
Karma (कर्म/object)
TypeNoun
Rootitihāsa (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd/Accusative), एकवचन
purātanamancient
purātanam:
Karma (कर्म/object qualifier)
TypeAdjective
Rootpurātana (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd/Accusative), एकवचन; ‘इतिहासम्’ इति विशेषण
dūtānāmof the messengers
dūtānām:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/possessive)
TypeNoun
Rootdūta (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, षष्ठी (6th/Genitive), बहुवचन
viṣṇu-yamayoḥof Vishnu and Yama
viṣṇu-yamayoḥ:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/genitive)
TypeNoun
Rootviṣṇu (प्रातिपदिक) + yama (प्रातिपदिक); समासः
Formपुंलिङ्ग, षष्ठी (6th/Genitive), द्विवचन; द्वन्द्व—‘विष्णोः च यमस्य च’
saṁvādaḥdialogue
saṁvādaḥ:
Karta (कर्ता/subject)
TypeNoun
Rootsaṁvāda (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), एकवचन
tamthat
tam:
Karma (कर्म/object)
TypeNoun
Roottad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd/Accusative), एकवचन; सर्वनाम
nibodhaunderstand/hear
nibodha:
Kriya (क्रिया/command)
TypeVerb
Rootni + √budh (बुध्, धातु)
Formलोट् (Imperative/लोट्), परस्मैपद, मध्यमपुरुष, एकवचन; ‘अवधारय/शृणु’
mefor me/to me
me:
Sampradana (सम्प्रदान/beneficiary)
TypeNoun
Rootasmad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formषष्ठी/चतुर्थी (6th/4th), एकवचन; एन्क्लिटिक ‘मे’—अत्र दत्तिवत् ‘मम/मह्यम्’ (for me)

The Purāṇas, or old histories, are sometimes neglected by unintelligent men who consider their descriptions mythological. Actually, the descriptions of the Purāṇas, or the old histories of the universe, are factual, although not chronological. The Purāṇas record the chief incidents that have occurred over many millions of years, not only on this planet but also on other planets within the universe. Therefore all learned and realized Vedic scholars speak with references to the incidents in the Purāṇas. Śrīla Rūpa Gosvāmī accepts the Purāṇas to be as important as the Vedas themselves. Therefore in Bhakti-rasāmṛta-sindhu he quotes the following verse from the Brahma-yāmala:

V
Viṣṇudūtas
Y
Yamadūtas
V
Viṣṇu
Y
Yama (Yamarāja)

FAQs

This verse introduces the ancient narrative describing a direct dialogue between Viṣṇu’s messengers and Yama’s messengers, a key teaching section in the Ajāmila episode (Canto 6, Chapter 1).

To explain the principles of dharma, sin, atonement, and the power of devotion—Śukadeva presents the Ajāmila history, centered on the confrontation between Viṣṇudūtas and Yamadūtas.

Approach spiritual instruction by hearing attentively (nibodha) and learning from sacred histories; the Ajāmila narrative that follows emphasizes the transformative shelter of devotion and the holy name.