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Shloka 17

Ṛṣabhadeva Instructs His Sons: Tapasya, Mahātmā-Sevā, and Cutting the Heart-Knot

कस्तं स्वयं तदभिज्ञो विपश्चिद् अविद्यायामन्तरे वर्तमानम् । दृष्ट्वा पुनस्तं सघृण: कुबुद्धिं प्रयोजयेदुत्पथगं यथान्धम् ॥ १७ ॥

kas taṁ svayaṁ tad-abhijño vipaścid avidyāyām antare vartamānam dṛṣṭvā punas taṁ saghṛṇaḥ kubuddhiṁ prayojayed utpathagaṁ yathāndham

అవిద్యలో ఉండి సంసార మార్గానికి అలవాటుపడ్డ కుబుద్ధి మనిషిని చూసి, నిజంగా జ్ఞాని, దయాళువు, ఆధ్యాత్మికంగా ప్రగతిశీలుడు అతన్ని ఫలాపేక్ష కర్మల్లో పెట్టి మరింత బంధనంలో ఎలా పడేస్తాడు? తప్పు దారిలో నడిచే అంధుణ్ని ప్రమాదం వైపు వెళ్లనివ్వడం ఏ సజ్జనుడు సమ్మతిస్తాడు?

kaḥwho
kaḥ:
Karta (कर्ता/Subject of prayojayet)
TypeNoun
Rootkim (प्रातिपदिक; सर्वनाम)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; प्रश्नवाचक-सर्वनाम (interrogative pronoun)
tamhim
tam:
Karma (कर्म/Object)
TypeNoun
Roottad (प्रातिपदिक; सर्वनाम)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन; सर्वनाम
svayampersonally
svayam:
Kriyā-viśeṣaṇa (क्रियाविशेषण/Adverbial)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootsvayam (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय; क्रियाविशेषण (adverb ‘oneself’)
tad-abhijñaḥone who knows that
tad-abhijñaḥ:
Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण/Qualifier of kaḥ)
TypeAdjective
Roottad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक) + abhijña (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; षष्ठी-तत्पुरुष: ‘तस्य अभिज्ञः’ (knowing that/aware of it)
vipaścita wise man
vipaścit:
Apposition (समानााधिकरण/Qualifier of kaḥ)
TypeNoun
Rootvipaścit (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; बुद्धिमान् (wise person)
avidyāyāmin ignorance
avidyāyām:
Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण/Location)
TypeNoun
Rootavidyā (प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग (feminine), सप्तमी (locative), एकवचन
antarewithin
antare:
Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण/Locative sense)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootantara (प्रातिपदिक)
Formअव्यय-प्रयोग (indeclinable adverb/preposition): ‘within/in the midst’
vartamānamexisting/remaining
vartamānam:
Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण/Qualifier of tam)
TypeAdjective
Root√vṛt (वृत् धातु) + vartamāna (कृदन्त; शतृ/शानच् present participle)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन; वर्तमान-कृदन्त (present active participle) qualifying tam
dṛṣṭvāhaving seen
dṛṣṭvā:
Pūrvakāla (पूर्वकाल/Prior action)
TypeIndeclinable
Root√dṛś (दृश् धातु)
Formक्त्वान्त-अव्यय (gerund/absolutive): ‘having seen’
punaḥagain
punaḥ:
Kriyā-viśeṣaṇa (क्रियाविशेषण/Adverbial)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootpunaḥ (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय; पुनरुक्ति/कालवाचक (adverb: again)
tamhim
tam:
Karma (कर्म/Object)
TypeNoun
Roottad (प्रातिपदिक; सर्वनाम)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन
sa-ghṛṇaḥcompassionate
sa-ghṛṇaḥ:
Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण/Qualifier of kaḥ)
TypeAdjective
Rootsa (सह/प्रातिपदिक) + ghṛṇa (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; उपपद-तत्पुरुष: ‘घृणया सह’ (with compassion)
ku-buddhimbad judgment
ku-buddhim:
Karma (कर्म/Object; predicative of tam)
TypeNoun
Rootku (उपसर्ग/प्रातिपदिक) + buddhi (प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन; कर्मधारय: ‘कुबुद्धिः’ (bad understanding)
prayojayetshould engage/impel
prayojayet:
Kriyā (क्रिया/Verb)
TypeVerb
Root√yuj (युज् धातु; causative प्रयोजयति)
Formविधिलिङ् (optative), प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन; परस्मैपद; णिच्-प्रत्यय (causative)
utpathagamone going on the wrong path
utpathagam:
Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण/Qualifier of tam)
TypeAdjective
Rootutpatha (प्रातिपदिक) + ga (कृदन्त; √gam धातु, क्विप्/प्रातिपदिक-रूप)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन; तत्पुरुष: ‘उत्पथं गच्छति’ (going on a wrong path) qualifying tam
yathālike
yathā:
Upamāna-dyotaka (उपमान-द्योतक/Comparative marker)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootyathā (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय; उपमा/तुलना (indeclinable: as/like)
andhama blind man
andham:
Upamāna (उपमान/Standard of comparison)
TypeNoun
Rootandha (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन
Ṛṣabhadeva

FAQs

This verse teaches that a truly wise person will not knowingly push someone deeper into ignorance; instead, out of compassion, one should avoid directing a misguided person onto a harmful path.

Ṛṣabhadeva was instructing His sons on dharma and spiritual discernment—emphasizing that leadership and influence must be compassionate and should elevate others rather than exploit their confusion.

Do not use your influence to encourage harmful habits or false ideas; instead, guide others gently toward clarity, ethics, and spiritually beneficial choices—especially when they are vulnerable or uninformed.