Shloka 44

Dietary Rules & Purification — Dietary Rules, Purification (Śauca), and the Duties of the Householder and Forest-Dweller

Devanagari script

विषोद्बन्धनशस्त्राम्बुवह्निपातमृतेषु च बाले प्रव्राजि संन्यासे देशान्तरमृते तथा

Transliteration

viṣodbandhanaśastrāmbuvahnipātamṛteṣu ca bāle pravrāji saṃnyāse deśāntaramṛte tathā

Translation

விஷம், தூக்கு/கழுத்து நெரித்தல், ஆயுதம், நீரில் மூழ்கல், தீ, அல்லது வீழ்ச்சி ஆகியவற்றால் இறந்தோர்; மேலும் குழந்தை, பிரவ்ராஜகன்/சந்நியாசி, அயல்நாட்டில் இறந்தோர்—இவர்களுக்குச் சிறப்பு விதிகள் உண்டு।

Word by Word

• viṣa-udbandhana-śastra-ambu-vahni-pāta-mṛteṣu: in deaths due to poison, hanging, weapons, water, fire, or falling
• viṣa-udbandhana-śastra-ambu-vahni-pāta-mṛteṣu: Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: viṣa (प्रातिपदिक) + udbandhana (प्रातिपदिक) + śastra (प्रातिपदिक) + ambu (प्रातिपदिक) + vahni (प्रातिपदिक) + pāta (प्रातिपदिक) + mṛta (कृदन्त, √mṛ)
• Form: Masculine/Neuter collective sense, Locative (7th/सप्तमी), Plural; समाहार-द्वन्द्वसमासः (enumerative collective) with final member mṛta; ‘in the cases of deaths due to …’

• ca: and
• ca: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/connector)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: ca (अव्यय)
• Form: Conjunction particle (समुच्चयबोधक अव्यय)

• bāle: in (the case of) a child
• bāle: Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: bāla (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Locative (7th/सप्तमी), Singular; ‘in the case of a child’

• pravrāji: in (the case of) a wandering mendicant
• pravrāji: Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: pravrājin (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Locative (7th/सप्तमी), Singular; ‘in the case of a wandering ascetic’

• saṃnyāse: in renunciation
• saṃnyāse: Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: saṃnyāsa (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Locative (7th/सप्तमी), Singular; ‘in (formal) renunciation’

• deśa-antara-mṛte: in the case of one who died in a foreign place
• deśa-antara-mṛte: Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: deśa (प्रातिपदिक) + antara (प्रातिपदिक) + mṛta (कृदन्त, √mṛ)
• Form: Masculine, Locative (7th/सप्तमी), Singular; षष्ठी-तत्पुरुषः: deśāntare mṛtaḥ ‘one who died in another country/place’ (locative used for ‘in the case of…’)

• tathā: likewise/so too
• tathā: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/connector)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: tathā (अव्यय)
• Form: Adverb (प्रकारवाचक अव्यय)

Speakers

• Narrative layer not specified in input (often Pulastya → Nārada in Vāmana Purāṇa); speaker uncertain here

Key Themes

• Vrata/Rituals
• Antyeṣṭi (funerary rites)
• Prāyaścitta/exception cases
• Renunciation (Saṃnyāsa)

Verse Rasa (Emotional Flavour)

{ "primaryRasa": "shanta", "secondaryRasa": "karuna", "rasaIntensity": 0, "emotionalArcPosition": "", "moodDescriptors": [] }

FAQs

What is the philosophical or ethical takeaway?

The tradition recognizes that circumstances of death vary and require compassionate, context-sensitive ritual handling—protecting both the dignity of the deceased and the ritual well-being of the community.

How does this fit the Pancalakshana?

This is prescriptive dharma material (procedural exceptions) housed within a purāṇic compilation; it is not part of sarga/pratisarga/vaṃśa/manvantara/vaṃśānucarita narration.

What is the symbolic significance?

Listing ‘untimely/violent’ deaths and liminal social identities (child, renunciant, death abroad) marks boundary-cases where ordinary household rites may not map neatly—highlighting dharma’s adaptive application rather than a single rigid template.