Shloka 74

Sadācāra–Varṇa-lakṣaṇa and Prātaḥkṛtya

Right Conduct, Social Typologies, and Morning Purification

Devanagari script

कृष्यर्जिते दशांशं हि देयं पापस्य शुद्धये । शेषेण कुर्याद्धर्मादि अन्यथा रौरवं व्रजेत्

Transliteration

kṛṣyarjite daśāṃśaṃ hi deyaṃ pāpasya śuddhaye | śeṣeṇa kuryāddharmādi anyathā rauravaṃ vrajet

Translation

விவசாயத்தால் ஈட்டிய செல்வத்தில் பத்திலொரு பங்கைப் பாவச் சுத்திக்காக தானமாக அளிக்க வேண்டும். மீதியால் தர்ம முதலிய கடமைகளைச் செய்ய வேண்டும்; இல்லையெனில் ரௌரவ நரகத்தை அடைவான்।

Word by Word

• kṛṣi-arjite: in (wealth) earned by farming
• kṛṣi-arjite: Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: kṛṣi (प्रातिपदिक) + arjita (कृदन्त-प्रातिपदिक; क्त)
• Form: तत्पुरुष; नपुंसकलिङ्ग, सप्तमी, एकवचन; 'in/with (wealth) earned by agriculture' (locative)

• daśa-aṃśam: a tenth part (tithe)
• daśa-aṃśam: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: daśa (संख्या-प्रातिपदिक) + aṃśa (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: द्विगु-समास; पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन

• hi: indeed
• hi: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/निपात)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: hi (अव्यय)
• Form: निपात, निश्चय/हेत्वर्थक

• deyam: should be given
• deyam: Kriyā (क्रिया/विधेय)
• Type: Verb
• Root: dā (धातु) → deya (कृदन्त-प्रातिपदिक; यत्)
• Form: यत्-प्रत्ययान्त कृदन्त (gerundive/passive participle): 'to be given'; नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया, एकवचन (predicate)

• pāpasya: of sin
• pāpasya: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/षष्ठी)
• Type: Noun
• Root: pāpa (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, षष्ठी, एकवचन

• śuddhaye: for purification
• śuddhaye: Sampradāna (सम्प्रदान/प्रयोजन)
• Type: Noun
• Root: śuddhi (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, चतुर्थी, एकवचन; प्रयोजनार्थे (for purification)

• śeṣeṇa: with the remainder
• śeṣeṇa: Karaṇa (करण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: śeṣa (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया, एकवचन; करणार्थे ('with the remainder')

• kuryāt: should do
• kuryāt: Kriyā (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: kṛ (धातु)
• Form: विधिलिङ्, प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन; परस्मैपद

• dharma-ādi: dharma and the rest (duties etc.)
• dharma-ādi: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: dharma (प्रातिपदिक) + ādi (अव्यय/प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: तत्पुरुष (dharma as first item) with ādi 'etc.'; नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन

• anyathā: otherwise
• anyathā: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/अव्यय)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: anyathā (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय (adverb), 'otherwise'

• rauravam: Raurava (hell)
• rauravam: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: raurava (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन; नरकनाम

• vrajet: would go
• vrajet: Kriyā (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: vraj (धातु)
• Form: विधिलिङ्, प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन; परस्मैपद

Speaker

Sūta Gosvāmin (narrating to the sages at Naimiṣāraṇya)

Shaiva Theology

Tattva Level: pashu

Shiva Form: Paśupatinātha

FAQs

What is the spiritual significance of this verse in the Shiva Purana?

It teaches that righteous livelihood must be sanctified through dāna (charitable giving) and dharma; offering a rightful portion purifies pāpa and aligns one’s karma toward Shiva’s grace and liberation.

How does this verse relate to the worship of the Linga or Saguna Shiva?

In Shaiva practice, dāna supports and completes external worship (pūjā) of Saguna Shiva—such as Linga-archana—by transforming earnings into an offering; worship without ethical restraint and generosity is considered incomplete.

What ritualistic or meditative practice is suggested here?

A practical takeaway is to set aside a fixed portion of one’s income for dharma—supporting Shiva worship, feeding devotees, temple service, and acts of compassion—while continuing japa (e.g., the Pañcākṣarī) alongside one’s duties.