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Shloka 20

The Description of the Glory of Dvādaśī

दशैव मातृके पक्षे दश राजेंद्र पैतृके । भार्याया दश पक्षे च पुरुषानुद्धरेत्तथा ॥ २० ॥

daśaiva mātṛke pakṣe daśa rājeṃdra paitṛke | bhāryāyā daśa pakṣe ca puruṣānuddharettathā || 20 ||

அரசர்களின் தலைவனே! தாய்வழியில் பத்து, தந்தைவழியிலும் பத்து, மனைவியின் வழியிலும் பத்து—இவ்வாறு அவர்களை உயர்த்தி விடுவிக்க வேண்டும்.

daśaten
daśa:
Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण/numeral qualifier)
TypeAdjective
Rootdaśa (प्रातिपदिक)
Formसंख्यावाचक (numeral), अव्ययवत्/अविकारी; here used with implied 'puruṣān' etc.
evaindeed, exactly
eva:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/particle)
TypeIndeclinable
Rooteva (अव्यय)
Formअवधारणार्थक-अव्यय (particle of emphasis)
mātṛkeon the mother’s side
mātṛke:
Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण/domain—'on the maternal side')
TypeAdjective
Rootmātṛka (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग/नपुंसकलिङ्ग, सप्तमी (7th/Locative), एकवचन; विशेषण (in the maternal side)
pakṣeside, faction (lineage side)
pakṣe:
Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण/domain/side)
TypeNoun
Rootpakṣa (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, सप्तमी (7th/Locative), एकवचन
daśaten
daśa:
Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootdaśa (प्रातिपदिक)
Formसंख्यावाचक (numeral), अव्ययवत्
rājendraO king of kings
rājendra:
Sambodhana (सम्बोधन)
TypeNoun
Rootrājendra (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, सम्बोधन (8th/Vocative), एकवचन
paitṛkeon the father’s side
paitṛke:
Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण/domain—'on the paternal side')
TypeAdjective
Rootpaitṛka (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग/नपुंसकलिङ्ग, सप्तमी (7th/Locative), एकवचन; विशेषण (in the paternal side)
bhāryāyāḥof (one’s) wife
bhāryāyāḥ:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/genitive)
TypeNoun
Rootbhāryā (प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग, षष्ठी (6th/Genitive), एकवचन
daśaten
daśa:
Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootdaśa (प्रातिपदिक)
Formसंख्यावाचक (numeral), अव्ययवत्
pakṣeside
pakṣe:
Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण/domain/side)
TypeNoun
Rootpakṣa (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, सप्तमी (7th/Locative), एकवचन
caand
ca:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/conjunction)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootca (अव्यय)
Formसमुच्चयार्थक-अव्यय (conjunction)
puruṣānmen/persons (ancestors/relatives)
puruṣān:
Karma (कर्म/object)
TypeNoun
Rootpuruṣa (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd/Accusative), बहुवचन
uddharetshould uplift / should deliver
uddharet:
Kriyā (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Root√hṛ (हृ) + ud (उपसर्ग)
Formविधिलिङ् (Optative), प्रथमपुरुष (3rd person), एकवचन; परस्मैपद
tathālikewise, in the same way
tathā:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/adverbial)
TypeIndeclinable
Roottathā (अव्यय)
Formरीत्यर्थक-अव्यय (adverb: in that manner/likewise)

Narada

Vrata: none

Primary Rasa: karuna

Secondary Rasa: shanta

N
Narada

FAQs

It teaches the dharmic scope of ancestral responsibility: one’s meritorious acts and prescribed rites are meant to benefit not only the paternal forefathers but also the maternal line and the wife’s lineage, extending upliftment across connected family lines.

While framed as lineage-upliftment, the verse supports Bhakti indirectly by emphasizing selfless duty (dharma) performed as an offering; such dedicated action becomes a means to please the divine and generate spiritual merit that can be shared with ancestors.

It points to ritual application within Kalpa (procedure for śrāddha/tarpaṇa and related duties): the verse specifies who should be included as beneficiaries, guiding the performer’s intention and ritual scope.