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Shloka 13

Adhyaya 82 — The Rise of Mahishasura and the Manifestation of the Goddess from the Gods’ Tejas

Sanskrit

यदभूच्छाम्भवं तेजस्तेनाजाय तन्मुखम् । याम्येन चाभवन् केशा बहवो विष्णुतेजसा ॥

Transliteration

yad abhūc chāmbhavaṃ tejas tenājāyata tan-mukham / yāmyena cābhavan keśā bahavo viṣṇutejasā

Translation

சாம்பவனாகிய சிவனின் தேஜஸே அவளுடைய முகமாயிற்று. யமனின் சக்தியால் அவளுக்கு பல கேசக்கூட்டங்கள் தோன்றின; விஷ்ணுவின் சக்தியாலும் அவை அமைந்தன/அலங்கரிக்கப்பட்டன।

Word by Word
यत्that which
यत्:
कर्ता (Subject/कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootयद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; सम्बन्धे (relative pronoun: 'that which')
अभूत्was, became
अभूत्:
क्रिया (Verb/आख्यात)
TypeVerb
Root√भू (धातु)
Formलङ् (Imperfect/past), प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन; परस्मैपदम्
शाम्भवम्Śiva’s
शाम्भवम्:
कर्ता-विशेषण (Subject qualifier)
TypeAdjective
Rootशाम्भव (शम्भु-सम्बन्धि, प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; तेजः-विशेषण (pertaining to Śambhu/Śiva)
तेजःradiance
तेजः:
कर्ता (Subject/कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootतेजस् (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन
तेनby that
तेन:
करण (Instrument/करण)
TypeNoun
Rootतद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, तृतीया (3rd/तृतीया), एकवचन; करण (instrumental: 'by that')
अजायतwas born, arose
अजायत:
क्रिया (Verb/आख्यात)
TypeVerb
Root√जन् (धातु)
Formलङ् (Imperfect/past), प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन; आत्मनेपदम् (अजायत)
तत्that
तत्:
कर्ता-विशेषण (Subject qualifier)
TypeAdjective
Rootतद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; मुखम्-विशेषण
मुखम्face
मुखम्:
कर्ता (Subject/कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootमुख (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; कर्तृ-स्थान (subject complement in context: 'the face arose')
याम्येनby the southern (Yama’s)
याम्येन:
करण (Instrument/करण)
TypeAdjective
Rootयाम्य (यम-सम्बन्धि, प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग/पुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया, एकवचन; करण (by the southern/Yama-related [radiance])
चand
च:
समुच्चय (Conjunction)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootच (अव्यय)
Formसमुच्चयार्थक-निपात (conjunction)
अभवन्became
अभवन्:
क्रिया (Verb/आख्यात)
TypeVerb
Root√भू (धातु)
Formलङ् (Imperfect/past), प्रथमपुरुष, बहुवचन; परस्मैपदम्
केशाःhairs
केशाः:
कर्ता (Subject/कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootकेश (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, बहुवचन
बहवःmany
बहवः:
कर्ता-विशेषण (Subject qualifier)
TypeAdjective
Rootबहु (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, बहुवचन; केशाः-विशेषण
विष्णु-तेजसाby Viṣṇu’s radiance
विष्णु-तेजसा:
करण (Instrument/करण)
TypeNoun
Rootविष्णु (प्रातिपदिक) + तेजस् (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, तृतीया, एकवचन; तत्पुरुषः: 'विष्णोः तेजसा' (by Viṣṇu’s radiance)
Speakers
Rishi narrator
Primary Deities
DeviShivaYamaVishnu
Shakti Aspects
Devī’s iconographic formation (aṅga-praty-aṅga) from deities’ tejas; Devī as Chandikā/Durgā in making
Key Themes
IconographyTheology of energiesUnity of deities in DevīEmbodied divinity

FAQs

Devī is not a rival to the gods but their integrated potency; divine functions collaborate within a single embodiment to address adharma.

Carita—specifically, the ‘manifestation and description’ segment typical of Purāṇic battle cycles.

Face symbolizes consciousness and presence; hair often symbolizes time, fate, and power’s expansiveness. The association with Yama and Vishnu suggests mastery over mortality/order and sustaining intelligence within the Devī’s very form.

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