Shloka 4

Adhyaya 61 — The Second Manvantara Begins: The Brahmin’s Swift Journey and Varuthini’s Temptation on Himavat

Sanskrit

मार्कण्डेय उवाच

मन्वन्तरं मयाख्यातं तव स्वायम्भुवं च यत् ।

स्वारोचिषाख्यमन्यत्तु शृणु तस्मादनन्तरम् ॥

Transliteration

mārkaṇḍeya uvāca

manvantaraṃ mayākhyātaṃ tava svāyambhuvaṃ ca yat |

svārociṣākhyam anyat tu śṛṇu tasmād anantaram ||

Translation

மார்கண்டேயர் கூறினார்—நான் உனக்கு விளக்கிய ஸ்வாயம்புவ மன்வந்தரம் சொல்லப்பட்டுவிட்டது. இப்போது அதன் பின்பு வரும் ‘ஸ்வாரோசிஷ’ எனப் புகழ்பெற்ற மற்ற மன்வந்தரத்தை கேள்.

Word by Word

• mārkaṇḍeyaḥ: Mārkaṇḍeya
• mārkaṇḍeyaḥ: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: mārkaṇḍeya (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Pumān, Prathamā, Ekavacana

• uvāca: said
• uvāca: Kriyā (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √vac (धातु; वचने)
• Form: Liṭ (लिट्, perfect), Prathama (3rd/प्रथमपुरुष), Ekavacana; parasmaipada

• manvantaram: Manvantara
• manvantaram: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: manvantara (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Napumsaka, Dvitīyā, Ekavacana

• mayā: by me
• mayā: Karta (कर्ता/agent in passive sense)
• Type: Noun
• Root: asmad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Tṛtīyā (3rd/तृतीया), Ekavacana

• ākhyātam: told/related
• ākhyātam: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: ākhyāta (कृदन्त; √khyā/√ācakṣ? here √khyā with ā-; आख्याने)
• Form: Past passive participle (क्त); Napumsaka, Prathamā/Dvitīyā, Ekavacana; agrees with ‘manvantaram’

• tava: to you/your
• tava: Sampradāna (सम्प्रदान)/Sambandha
• Type: Noun
• Root: yuṣmad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Ṣaṣṭhī, Ekavacana

• svāyambhuvam: Svāyambhuva (named)
• svāyambhuvam: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: svāyambhuva (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Napumsaka, Dvitīyā, Ekavacana; qualifying ‘manvantaram’

• ca: and
• ca: Sambandha (समुच्चय)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: ca (अव्यय)
• Form: Avyaya; conjunction (समुच्चय)

• yat: which
• yat: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: yad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Napumsaka, Dvitīyā, Ekavacana; relative pronoun referring to ‘manvantaram’

• svārociṣa-ākhyam: named Svārociṣa
• svārociṣa-ākhyam: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: svārociṣa (प्रातिपदिक) + ākhyā (प्रातिपदिक ‘name’)
• Form: Tatpuruṣa (कर्मधारय/षष्ठी-भाव) ‘svārociṣa-nāma’; Napumsaka, Prathamā/Dvitīyā, Ekavacana; qualifying ‘anyat’

• anyat: another (one)
• anyat: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: anya (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Napumsaka, Prathamā/Dvitīyā, Ekavacana

• tu: but/now
• tu: Sambandha (निपात)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: tu (अव्यय)
• Form: Avyaya; adversative/contrast particle (निपात)

• śṛṇu: hear
• śṛṇu: Kriyā (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √śru (धातु; श्रवणे)
• Form: Loṭ (लोट्, imperative), Madhyama (2nd/मध्यमपुरुष), Ekavacana; parasmaipada

• tasmāt: after/from that
• tasmāt: Apādāna (अपादान)
• Type: Noun
• Root: tad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Pañcamī (5th/पञ्चमी), Ekavacana; ablative

• anantaram: immediately following
• anantaram: Kāla-adhikaraṇa (कालाधिकरण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: anantara (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Napumsaka, Dvitīyā, Ekavacana; adverbial accusative ‘immediately after’

Speakers

• Mārkaṇḍeya to Krauṣṭuki (dialogue frame)

Key Themes

• Manvantara
• Chronological sequencing
• Purāṇic narration method

FAQs

What is the philosophical or ethical takeaway?

The Purāṇic teacher proceeds by orderly succession (krama). Knowledge is transmitted as a disciplined sequence, not as scattered anecdotes.

How does this fit the Pancalakshana (5 characteristics)?

Explicitly 'Manvantara'—the text moves from one Manu-era to the next.

What is the esoteric significance?

The shift of manvantaras symbolizes transitions of cosmic administration—changes in the governing principles through which dharma is upheld in different epochs.