Shloka 13

Adhyaya 26 — Madālasa Names Alarka and Reorients Him Toward Kshatriya Duty

Sanskrit

अलर्क इति धर्मज्ञः ख्यातिं लोके प्रयास्यति ।

कनीयानेष ते पुत्रो मतिमांश्च भविष्यति ॥

Transliteration

alarka iti dharmajñaḥ khyātiṃ loke prayāsyati / kanīyān eṣa te putro matimāṃś ca bhaviṣyati

Translation

இவனுக்கு ‘அலர்க’ என்று பெயர். அவன் தர்மத்தை அறிந்தவன்; உலகில் புகழ் பெறுவான். இவன் உன் இளைய மகன்; அறிவுடையவனாக இருப்பான்।

Word by Word

• अलर्कः: Alarka (name)
• अलर्कः: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: अलर्क (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग (masculine), प्रथमा (Nominative 1st), एकवचन (singular)

• इति: thus / ‘so’
• इति: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/quotative)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: इति (अव्यय)
• Form: उद्धरण/समाप्तिसूचक-अव्यय (quotative particle)

• धर्मज्ञः: knower of dharma
• धर्मज्ञः: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: धर्म + ज्ञ (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग (masculine), प्रथमा (Nominative 1st), एकवचन (singular)

• ख्यातिम्: fame
• ख्यातिम्: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: ख्याति (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग (feminine), द्वितीया (Accusative 2nd), एकवचन (singular)

• लोके: in the world
• लोके: Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: लोक (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग (masculine), सप्तमी (Locative 7th), एकवचन (singular)

• प्रयास्यति: will attain / will go to
• प्रयास्यति: Kriyā (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: या (धातु) उपसर्ग-प्र (प्र + या)
• Form: लृट् (Simple Future), प्रथमपुरुष (3rd person), एकवचन (singular), परस्मैपद

• कनीयान्: younger
• कनीयान्: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: कनीयस् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: तुलनात्मक (comparative), पुंलिङ्ग (masculine), प्रथमा (Nominative 1st), एकवचन (singular)

• एष: this
• एष: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: एतद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग (masculine), प्रथमा (Nominative 1st), एकवचन (singular)

• ते: your
• ते: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Noun
• Root: युष्मद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: षष्ठी (Genitive 6th), एकवचन (singular)

• पुत्रः: son
• पुत्रः: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: पुत्र (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग (masculine), प्रथमा (Nominative 1st), एकवचन (singular)

• मतिमान्: intelligent (having intellect)
• मतिमान्: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: मति + मत् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग (masculine), प्रथमा (Nominative 1st), एकवचन (singular)

• च: and
• च: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (अव्यय)
• Form: समुच्चयबोधक-अव्यय (conjunction)

• भविष्यति: will be
• भविष्यति: Kriyā (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: भू (धातु)
• Form: लृट् (Simple Future), प्रथमपुरुष (3rd person), एकवचन (singular), परस्मैपद

Speakers

• Madālasa (naming statement with future characterization)

Verse Rasa

{ "primaryRasa": "shanta", "secondaryRasa": "adbhuta", "rasaIntensity": 0, "emotionalArcPosition": "", "moodDescriptors": [] }

Key Themes

• Vaṃśānucarita (royal lineage narrative)
• Dharma-centered kingship
• Prophetic characterization
• Wisdom over mere might

FAQs

What is the philosophical or ethical takeaway?

The highest praise for a ruler is not conquest but dharma-jñāna (understanding right order). The verse reframes royal excellence as wisdom-guided fame.

How does this fit the Pancalakṣaṇa (5 characteristics)?

Touches Vaṃśānucarita (account of notable descendants) by introducing Alarka as a significant figure, while still functioning as Dharma instruction.

What is the esoteric significance?

The ‘youngest yet wise’ motif often signals the inner aspirant: humility/innocence (kanīyān) paired with buddhi (mati) becomes the vehicle for dharma-realization.