Shloka 56

Adhyaya 10 — Jaimini’s Questions on Birth, Death, Karma, and the Embodied Journey

Sanskrit

शीतं जयन्तीन्धनदास्तापं चन्दनदायिनः ।

प्राणघ्नीं वेदनां कष्टां ये चानुद्वेगकारिणः ॥

Transliteration

śītaṃ jayantīndhanadās tāpaṃ candanadāyinaḥ / prāṇaghnīṃ vedanāṃ kaṣṭāṃ ye cānudvegakāriṇaḥ

Translation

எரிபொருள் தானம் செய்பவர் குளிரை வெல்வார்; சந்தனம் அளிப்பவர் வெப்பத்தைத் தாண்டுவார். ஆனால் பிறருக்கு துன்பம் விளைவிப்போர் உயிரைப் பறிக்கும் கடும் வேதனையை அனுபவிப்பர்.

Word by Word

• śītam: cold (torment)
• śītam: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: śīta (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Neuter (नपुंसकलिङ्ग), Accusative (2nd/द्वितीया), Singular (एकवचन)

• jayantī: (a fever/illness called) Jayantī
• jayantī: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: jayantī (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Feminine (स्त्रीलिङ्ग), Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Singular (एकवचन)

• indhanadāḥ: fuel-givers (causing burning)
• indhanadāḥ: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: indhana-dā (प्रातिपदिक; indhana + dā)
• Form: Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Plural (बहुवचन)

• tāpam: heat, burning pain
• tāpam: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: tāpa (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Accusative (2nd/द्वितीया), Singular (एकवचन)

• candanadāyinaḥ: sandalwood-givers (cooling agents)
• candanadāyinaḥ: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: candana-dāyin (प्रातिपदिक; candana + dāyin)
• Form: Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Plural (बहुवचन)

• prāṇaghnīm: life-destroying
• prāṇaghnīm: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: prāṇa-ghnī (प्रातिपदिक; prāṇa + ghnī)
• Form: Feminine (स्त्रीलिङ्ग), Accusative (2nd/द्वितीया), Singular (एकवचन); adjective qualifying vedanām

• vedanām: pain, agony
• vedanām: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: vedanā (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Feminine (स्त्रीलिङ्ग), Accusative (2nd/द्वितीया), Singular (एकवचन)

• kaṣṭām: severe, distressing
• kaṣṭām: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: kaṣṭa (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Feminine (स्त्रीलिङ्ग), Accusative (2nd/द्वितीया), Singular (एकवचन); adjective qualifying vedanām

• ye: who (those who)
• ye: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: yad (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Plural (बहुवचन); relative pronoun

• ca: and
• ca: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/connector)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: ca (अव्यय)
• Form: Conjunction (समुच्चयबोधक अव्यय)

• anudvegakāriṇaḥ: causers of calmness (non-agitation)
• anudvegakāriṇaḥ: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: anudvega-kārin (प्रातिपदिक; anudvega + kārin)
• Form: Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Plural (बहुवचन)

Speakers

• Unspecified in provided excerpt (didactic narration)

Verse Rasa

{ "primaryRasa": "dharma", "secondaryRasa": "bhayanaka", "rasaIntensity": 0, "emotionalArcPosition": "", "moodDescriptors": [] }

Key Themes

• Dharma
• Dāna (fuel, sandalwood)
• Compassion vs cruelty
• Karmaphala
• Suffering at death

FAQs

What is the philosophical or ethical takeaway?

Charity is mapped to specific relief: giving warmth (fuel) and coolness (sandalwood) returns as protection from cold and heat. Conversely, harming others by causing agitation/distress yields intense suffering.

How does this fit the Pancalakshana (5 characteristics)?

Ancillary dharma instruction.

What is the esoteric significance?

Cold/heat can be read as extremes of experience; dāna that restores balance cultivates inner equilibrium, while cruelty destabilizes prāṇa, ripening as ‘prāṇaghnī vedanā’ at the end.