Mahabharata — Vana Parva, Shloka 63

Dharma-vyādha’s Analysis of Moral Decline and the Mahābhūta–Guṇa Schema (धर्मव्याधोपदेशः)

Devanagari script

तस्मात्‌ त्वमपि राजेन्द्र पूजयैनं यथाविधि । एतत्‌ ते शतशः प्रोक्ते कि भूय: श्रोतुमिच्छसि

Transliteration

tasmāt tvam api rājendra pūjayainaṃ yathāvidhi | etat te śataśaḥ prokte kiṃ bhūyaḥ śrotum icchasi ||

Translation

ஆகையால், அரசேந்தரா! நீயும் இந்த விருந்தினரை முறையோடு போற்றி மரியாதை செய். இதை நான் உனக்குப் பலமுறை கூறியுள்ளேன்; இன்னும் என்ன கேட்க விரும்புகிறாய்?

Word by Word

• तस्मात्: therefore; from that
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: तस्मद् (तद्-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Ablative sense (from that/therefore); indeclinable usage

• त्वम्: you
• त्वम्: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: युष्मद्
• Form: Pronoun; masculine/feminine; nominative; singular

• अपि: also; even
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: अपि
• Form: indeclinable

• राजेन्द्र: O king of kings
• Type: Noun
• Root: राजेन्द्र
• Form: Masculine; vocative; singular

• पूजय: worship/honor (you should honor)
• Type: Verb
• Root: पूज्
• Form: Imperative (loṭ); 2nd person; singular; parasmaipada

• एनम्: him; this one
• एनम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: एतद् (एनद्-आदेश)
• Form: Pronoun; masculine; accusative; singular

• यथा: as; according to
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: यथा
• Form: indeclinable

• विधि: rule; prescribed procedure
• विधि: Adhikarana
• Type: Noun
• Root: विधि
• Form: Masculine; locative; singular (in the sense of 'according to rule')

• एतत्: this (matter/statement)
• एतत्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: एतद्
• Form: Neuter; nominative/accusative; singular

• ते: to you
• ते: Sampradana
• Type: Noun
• Root: युष्मद्
• Form: Pronoun; dative; singular

• शतशः: hundreds of times; repeatedly
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: शतशस्
• Form: indeclinable (adverbial)

• प्रोक्ते: said; spoken
• Type: Verb
• Root: प्र-वच् (क्त-प्रत्यय: प्रोक्त)
• Form: Past passive participle; neuter; nominative/accusative; dual (agreeing with an implied 'words/matters' in dual or as a textual variant)

• किम्: what
• किम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: किम्
• Form: Interrogative pronoun; neuter; nominative/accusative; singular

• भूयः: again; further; more
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: भूयस्
• Form: indeclinable (adverbial)

• श्रोतुम्: to hear
• Type: Verb
• Root: श्रु (तुमुन्: श्रोतुम्)
• Form: Infinitive (tumun); indeclinable verbal form

• इच्छसि: you desire; you wish
• Type: Verb
• Root: इष्
• Form: Present (laṭ); 2nd person; singular; parasmaipada

Speaker

वैशम्पायन उवाच

Characters & Entities

• Vaiśampāyana
• rājendra (the king being addressed)
• atithi (guest, implied)

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

A king should uphold dharma by honoring guests properly and consistently; respectful hospitality is presented as a repeated, settled instruction, not a negotiable detail.

What is happening in the narrative?

Vaiśampāyana addresses the king, urging him to continue the prescribed honoring of a guest, and notes that this counsel has already been given many times, asking what further clarification is desired.