Shloka 27
Adhyaya 32: Saṃjaya’s Return, Audience with Dhṛtarāṣṭra, and Ethical Admonition
तत्त्वज्ञ: सर्वभूतानां योगज्ञ: सर्वकर्मणाम् । उपायज्ञो मनुष्याणां नर: पण्डित उच्यते
tattvajñaḥ sarvabhūtānāṃ yogajñaḥ sarvakarmaṇām | upāyajño manuṣyāṇāṃ naraḥ paṇḍita ucyate ||
அனைத்து உயிர்களின் தத்துவத்தை அறிந்தவன்; எல்லாச் செயல்களுக்கும் உரிய யோகம்—அதாவது சரியான ஒழுங்கும் முறையும்—அறிந்தவன்; மனிதர்களில் உபாயம் அறிதலில் சிறந்தவன்—அவனே பண்டிதன் எனப்படுவான்.
विदुर उवाच
Educational Q&A
A true paṇḍita combines three competencies: insight into reality (tattva-jñāna), mastery of right method in action (yoga-jñāna), and practical knowledge of effective means (upāya-jñāna). Wisdom is not only theory but also disciplined action and skillful, ethical strategy.
In Udyoga Parva, Vidura delivers counsel (nīti) during the tense pre-war negotiations. Here he defines what counts as genuine learning and competence, implicitly urging rulers and courtiers to value truth, disciplined conduct, and prudent means over mere rhetoric or power.