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Shloka 53

Kaurava Mobilization at Kurukṣetra (Duryodhana Orders War Preparations) / कुरुक्षेत्रे धार्तराष्ट्र-सैन्यसज्जा

धावतामाद्दयानानां तनुत्राणि च बध्नताम्‌ | प्रयास्यतां पाण्डवानां ससैन्यानां समन्तत:

dhāvatām āddayānānāṃ tanutrāṇi ca badhnatām | prayāsyatāṃ pāṇḍavānāṃ sa-sainyānāṃ samantataḥ ||

பாண்டவர்கள் தங்கள் படைகளுடன் எல்லாத் திசைகளிலும் புறப்படத் தொடங்கியபோது, அங்கே பெரும் அவசர அசைவு ஏற்பட்டது—சிலர் ஓடினர், சிலர் வாகனங்களில் ஏறினர், சிலர் கவசத்தை இறுக்கக் கட்டினர்।

धावताम्of those who are running
धावताम्:
Adhikarana
TypeVerb
Rootधाव्
Formलट् (present), 3rd, plural, परस्मैपद, शतृ-प्रत्ययान्त (present active participle) genitive plural
आद्दयानानाम्of those who are mounting/setting out in vehicles (chariots etc.)
आद्दयानानाम्:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootआद्य (आद् + यान)
Formneuter, genitive, plural
तनुत्राणिarmours, body-protections
तनुत्राणि:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootतनुत्राण
Formneuter, accusative, plural
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
बध्नताम्of those who are fastening (tying on)
बध्नताम्:
Adhikarana
TypeVerb
Rootबन्ध्
Formलट् (present), 3rd, plural, परस्मैपद, शतृ-प्रत्ययान्त (present active participle) genitive plural
प्रयास्यताम्(they) will set out / will march forth
प्रयास्यताम्:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootप्र-या
Formलृट् (simple future), 3rd, plural, परस्मैपद
पाण्डवानाम्of the Pāṇḍavas
पाण्डवानाम्:
Sampradana
TypeNoun
Rootपाण्डव
Formmasculine, genitive, plural
ससैन्यानाम्together with (their) armies
ससैन्यानाम्:
Sampradana
TypeAdjective
Rootस-सैन्य
Formmasculine, genitive, plural
समन्ततःon all sides, all around
समन्ततः:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootसमन्ततः

वैशम्पायन उवाच

V
Vaiśampāyana
P
Pāṇḍavas
S
sainyāni (armies)
T
tanutrāṇi (armor)

Educational Q&A

The verse highlights the momentum that precedes war: once collective action turns to mobilization—arming, mounting, and marching—the moral and practical consequences become difficult to reverse. It implicitly urges reflection on responsibility and restraint before conflict reaches this point.

As the Pāṇḍavas and their forces prepare to depart, people rush in every direction—some running, some mounting their conveyances, and others fastening armor—depicting a charged atmosphere of imminent military movement.