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Shloka 13

Āśrama-dharma and Brahmacarya: Śuka’s Inquiry on Karma and Tyāga (शुक-प्रश्नः कर्मत्यागविवेकश्च)

गृहमावसतो हास्य नान्यत्‌ तीर्थ प्रतिग्रहात्‌ । देवर्षिपितृगुर्वर्थ वृद्धातुरबुभुक्षताम्‌

gṛham āvasato hāsya nānyat tīrthaṃ pratigrahāt | devarṣi-pitṛ-gurv-arthaṃ vṛddhāturabubhukṣatām ||

வ்யாசர் கூறினார்—இல்லறம் வாழும் பிராமணனுக்கு ‘பிரதிக்ரஹம்’ (தானம் ஏற்றல்) தவிர செல்வத்தைத் தாங்கும் வேறு புனித வழி இல்லை. அதையும் தேவர்கள், ரிஷிகள், பித்ருக்கள், குருக்கள் ஆகியோரின் சேவைக்காகவும், முதியோர், நோயாளிகள், பசியுற்றோர் ஆகியோரின் ஆதரவுக்காகவும் ஏற்க வேண்டும்; இக்கடமைகளுக்குப் புறம்பாக பிராமணன் வளம் சேர்க்கத் தூய வழி வேறில்லை।

गृहम्home/house
गृहम्:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootगृह
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
आवसतःof one dwelling (living)
आवसतः:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootआ-वास्
FormMasculine, Genitive, Singular
हिindeed/for
हि:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootहि
अस्यof this (person)
अस्य:
TypePronoun
Rootइदम्
FormMasculine/Neuter, Genitive, Singular
not
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
अन्यत्anything else/another (means)
अन्यत्:
Karma
TypePronoun/Adjective
Rootअन्य
FormNeuter, Nominative/Accusative, Singular
तीर्थम्holy/pure means (lit. ford, sacred way)
तीर्थम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootतीर्थ
FormNeuter, Nominative/Accusative, Singular
प्रतिग्रहात्from/than acceptance of gifts
प्रतिग्रहात्:
Apadana
TypeNoun
Rootप्रतिग्रह
FormMasculine, Ablative, Singular
देवgod/divine
देव:
TypeNoun
Rootदेव
FormMasculine, Stem (compound member), —
ऋषिseer
ऋषि:
TypeNoun
Rootऋषि
FormMasculine, Stem (compound member), —
पितृfather/ancestor
पितृ:
TypeNoun
Rootपितृ
FormMasculine, Stem (compound member), —
गुरुteacher
गुरु:
TypeNoun
Rootगुरु
FormMasculine, Stem (compound member), —
अर्थम्for the sake (of)
अर्थम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootअर्थ
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
वृद्धold/elderly
वृद्ध:
TypeAdjective
Rootवृद्ध
FormMasculine, Stem (compound member), —
आतुरsick/afflicted
आतुर:
TypeAdjective
Rootआतुर
FormMasculine, Stem (compound member), —
अबुभुक्षताम्of those who are hungry (desiring to eat)
अबुभुक्षताम्:
TypeAdjective
Rootअ-बुभुक्षत्
FormMasculine/Neuter, Genitive, Plural

व्यास उवाच

V
Vyāsa
D
devas
ṛṣis
P
pitṛs
G
guru
T
the aged (vṛddha)
T
the sick (ātura)
T
the hungry (abubhukṣa)

Educational Q&A

A householder Brahmin may accept gifts (pratigraha) as a legitimate and ‘pure’ means of support, but the ethical purpose is service: sustaining worship and obligations to gods, sages, ancestors, and teachers, and providing food and care to the elderly, sick, and hungry.

In the Shanti Parva’s dharma instruction, Vyāsa states a rule of conduct about livelihood: for a Brahmin living as a householder, accepting donations is presented as the sanctioned route for maintaining resources, specifically oriented toward religious duties and compassionate support of vulnerable people.