Shloka 9
Śānti-parva 168: Śoka-nivṛtti-buddhi (The Cognition that Reduces Grief) and Piṅgalā’s Nairāśya
Devanagari script
तस्माद् धर्मप्रधानेन भवितव्यं यतात्मना । तथा च सर्वभूतेषु वर्तितव्यं यथात्मनि
Translation
ஆகையால் மனத்தை அடக்கி, தர்மத்தையே முதன்மை இலக்காகக் கொள்ள வேண்டும்; மேலும் எல்லா உயிர்களிடமும், நமக்கே நாம் விரும்பும் முறையிலேயே நடந்து கொள்ள வேண்டும்.
Word by Word
तस्मात्therefore; from that reason
तस्मात्:
Apadana
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
Formmasculine/neuter, ablative, singular
धर्म-प्रधानेनwith dharma as the chief (aim)
धर्म-प्रधानेन:
Karana
TypeAdjective
Rootधर्मप्रधान
Formmasculine/neuter, instrumental, singular
भवितव्यम्must be; should be (done)
भवितव्यम्:
TypeVerb
Rootभू
Formfuture (gerundive/necessitative), singular, passive/impersonal, gerundive (-तव्यत्)
यत-आत्मनाby one who is self-controlled
यत-आत्मना:
Karana
TypeAdjective
Rootयतात्मन्
Formmasculine/neuter, instrumental, singular
तथाthus; likewise
तथा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतथा
चand
च:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootच
सर्व-भूतेषुamong/in all beings
सर्व-भूतेषु:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootसर्वभूत
Formneuter, locative, plural
वर्तितव्यम्must behave; should conduct oneself
वर्तितव्यम्:
TypeVerb
Rootवृत्
Formfuture (gerundive/necessitative), singular, passive/impersonal, gerundive (-तव्यत्)
यथाas; in the manner that
यथा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootयथा
आत्मनिin oneself; for oneself
आत्मनि:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootआत्मन्
Formmasculine, locative, singular
Speaker
विदुर उवाच
Character Dynamics
Dharma Sankata (Moral Dilemma)
Verse Rasa (Emotional Essence)
Philosophical Teaching
Political Layer
Geographic Context
Meter (Chandas)
Sandhi Notes