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Shloka 52

तुम्बुरुप्रमुखा राजन्‌ गन्धर्वाश्व यतोर्डर्जुन: । प्राधेया: सहमौनेया गन्धर्वाप्सरसां गणा:

tumburupramukhā rājan gandharvāś ca yato ’rjunaḥ | prādeyāḥ sahamauneyā gandharvāpsarasāṃ gaṇāḥ ||

சஞ்சயன் கூறினான்—அரசே! தும்புரு தலைமையிலான கந்தர்வர்களும், ‘பிராதேயர்’ என அழைக்கப்பட்டவர்களும், ‘மௌனி’ முனியிலிருந்து பிறந்தவர்களும் ஆகிய கந்தர்வ-அப்சரஸ்களின் கூட்டங்களும் அர்ஜுனன் பக்கமே சேர்ந்தன.

तुम्बुरु-प्रमुखाःthose headed by Tumburu
तुम्बुरु-प्रमुखाः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootतुम्बुरु + प्रमुख
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
राजन्O king
राजन्:
TypeNoun
Rootराजन्
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular
गन्धर्वाःGandharvas
गन्धर्वाः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootगन्धर्व
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
यत-उर्जुनःYat-Urjuna (proper name; reading uncertain)
यत-उर्जुनः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootयत् + उर्जुन
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
प्राधेयाःPrādheyas (a class/name; reading uncertain)
प्राधेयाः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootप्राधेय
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
सहtogether with
सह:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootसह
मौनेयाःdescendants of Muni (Maunejas)
मौनेयाः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootमौनेय
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
गन्धर्व-अप्सरसाम्of Gandharvas and Apsarases
गन्धर्व-अप्सरसाम्:
TypeNoun
Rootगन्धर्व + अप्सरस्
FormFeminine, Genitive, Plural
गणाःgroups, hosts
गणाः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootगण
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural

संजय उवाच

S
Sañjaya
D
Dhṛtarāṣṭra
A
Arjuna
T
Tumburu
G
Gandharvas
A
Apsarases
M
Mauni (sage, as progenitor of the Mauneyas)
P
Prādeyas (group of Gandharvas)
M
Mauneyas (group descended from Mauni)

Educational Q&A

The verse underscores a recurring Mahābhārata ethic: dharma is not merely human opinion but a cosmic principle. The alignment of Gandharvas and Apsarases with Arjuna functions as a narrative sign that the righteous cause attracts higher, unseen support.

Sañjaya reports to King Dhṛtarāṣṭra that celestial groups—Gandharvas led by Tumburu, along with the Prādeyas and the Mauneya-descended Gandharvas and hosts of Apsarases—are on Arjuna’s side, indicating supernatural presence and moral backing in the war context.