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Shloka 31

Yuga-Lakṣaṇa and Varṣa-Pramāṇa Inquiry (युगलक्षण–वर्षप्रमाण–प्रश्न)

प्रजास्तत्र विवर्धन्ते वर्षास्विव समुद्रगा: । नद्यः पुण्यजलास्तत्र गड़ा च बहुधा गता

prajās tatra vivardhante varṣāsv iva samudragāḥ | nadyaḥ puṇyajalās tatra gaṅgā ca bahudhā gatā ||

சஞ்சயன் கூறினான்—மழைக்காலத்தில் கடல்நோக்கிச் செல்லும் நதிகள் பெருகுவது போல, அங்கே மக்கள் இடையறாது செழிப்பும் வளர்ச்சியும் அடைகின்றனர். அந்தத் தீவில் புனித நீருடைய பல நதிகள் ஓடுகின்றன; கங்கையும் அங்கே பல ஓடைகளாகப் பிரிந்து ஓடுகிறது.

प्रजाःsubjects, people
प्रजाः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootप्रजा
FormFeminine, Nominative, Plural
तत्रthere
तत्र:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतत्र
विवर्धन्तेgrow, prosper, increase
विवर्धन्ते:
TypeVerb
Rootवृध्
FormPresent, Atmanepada, Third, Plural
वर्षासुin the rainy seasons
वर्षासु:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootवर्षा
FormFeminine, Locative, Plural
इवlike, as
इव:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइव
समुद्रगाःsea-going (rivers that go to the ocean)
समुद्रगाः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootसमुद्रग
FormFeminine, Nominative, Plural
नद्यःrivers
नद्यः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootनदी
FormFeminine, Nominative, Plural
पुण्यजलाःhaving holy/pure water
पुण्यजलाः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootपुण्यजला
FormFeminine, Nominative, Plural
तत्रthere
तत्र:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतत्र
गङ्गाthe Ganga
गङ्गा:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootगङ्गा
FormFeminine, Nominative, Singular
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
बहुधाin many ways / into many (streams)
बहुधा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootबहुधा
गताःgone; flowing (having gone)
गताः:
TypeVerb
Rootगम्
Formक्त (past passive participle), Feminine, Nominative, Plural

संजय उवाच

S
Sañjaya
P
prajāḥ (the people/subjects)
S
samudra (the ocean/sea)
N
nadī (rivers)
G
Gaṅgā

Educational Q&A

The verse uses sacred-river imagery to convey an ethical ideal of a well-ordered realm: when conditions are auspicious and dharmic, the people naturally flourish, and the land is marked by purity and life-giving waters.

Sañjaya continues a descriptive passage about a blessed region (an ‘island’/dvīpa), emphasizing its abundance: the populace thrives, many holy rivers flow there, and the Gaṅgā itself appears in multiple channels.