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Shloka 14

Brahmā’s Instruction on Brahmacarya, Vānaprastha, and the Aliṅga Path

Ethics of Non-attachment

देवतातिथि पूर्व च सदा प्राश्नीत वाग्यत: । अस्पर्धितमनाश्चैव लघ्वाशी देवताश्रय:

devatātithi-pūrvaṃ ca sadā prāśnīyāt vāg-yataḥ | aspardhitamanāś caiva laghv-āśī devatā-śrayaḥ ||

வாயு கூறினார்—எப்போதும் முதலில் தேவர்களுக்கும் விருந்தினர்களுக்கும் உணவை அர்ப்பணிக்க வேண்டும்; அதன் பின் மௌனமும் தன்னடக்கமும் கொண்டு தன் உணவை உண்ண வேண்டும். யாருடனும் மனத்தில் போட்டி கொள்ளாமல், இலகுவாக உண்டு, நித்தம் தேவர்களைச் சரணமாகக் கொண்டு வாழ வேண்டும்.

देवतान्the gods
देवतान्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootदेव (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
अतिथीन्guests
अतिथीन्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootअतिथि (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
पूर्वम्first, beforehand
पूर्वम्:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootपूर्व (प्रातिपदिक)
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
सदाalways
सदा:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootसदा
प्राश्नीयात्should eat/partake
प्राश्नीयात्:
TypeVerb
Rootप्र + अश् (धातु)
FormOptative (Vidhi-lin), 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada
वाक्यतःin silence / restrained in speech
वाक्यतः:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootवाक्यतस् (अव्यय; तसिल्-प्रत्ययान्त)
अस्पर्धितमनाःone whose mind is free from rivalry
अस्पर्धितमनाः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootअस्पर्धित-मनस् (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
एवindeed, just
एव:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootएव
लघ्वाशीone who eats lightly
लघ्वाशी:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootलघु-आशिन् (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
देवताश्रयःone who takes refuge in the gods
देवताश्रयः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootदेवता-आश्रय (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular

वायुदेव उवाच

V
Vāyu (Vāyudeva)
D
devatāḥ (the gods)
A
atithi (guest)

Educational Q&A

Prioritize dharmic giving—first honor the gods and guests with food—then eat oneself with restraint. Cultivate inner purity by avoiding rivalry and envy, practice moderation in diet, and maintain a devotional reliance on the divine.

Vāyudeva is instructing a code of conduct centered on daily discipline: hospitality and offerings come before personal consumption, speech is restrained during eating, the mind is kept free of competitive hostility, and one lives with faith in divine order.