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Shloka 31

Chatra–Upānah Dāna: Origin Narrative

Jamadagni–Reṇukā–Sūrya Saṃvāda

नाभाग उवाच अनृतं भाषतु सदा सद्भिश्वैव विरुध्यतु । शुल्केन तु ददत्कन्यां यस्ते हरति पुष्करम्‌

Nābhāga uvāca: anṛtaṁ bhāṣatu sadā sadbhiś caiva virudhyatu | śulkena tu dadat kanyāṁ yas te harati puṣkaram ||

நாபாகன் கூறினான்—உன் தாமரையைத் திருடியவன் எப்போதும் பொய் பேசட்டும்; சான்றோருடன் பகை கொள்ளட்டும்; விலை பெற்றுக் கன்னியைக் கொடுக்கும் (கன்னியை விற்றதுபோன்ற) பாவத்தை அடையட்டும்.

नाभागःNābhāga
नाभागः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootनाभाग
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
उवाचsaid
उवाच:
TypeVerb
Rootवच्
FormPerfect, Third, Singular
अनृतम्falsehood, untruth
अनृतम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootअनृत
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
भाषतुlet him speak
भाषतु:
TypeVerb
Rootभाष्
FormImperative, Third, Singular
सदाalways
सदा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootसदा
सद्भिःwith the good (people), with the virtuous
सद्भिः:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootसत्
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Plural
एवindeed, just
एव:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootएव
विरुध्यतुlet him oppose, let him be at odds
विरुध्यतु:
TypeVerb
Rootरुध्
FormImperative, Third, Singular, Atmanepada, वि
शुल्केनwith a price, for a fee
शुल्केन:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootशुल्क
FormNeuter, Instrumental, Singular
तुbut, however
तु:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतु
ददत्giving
ददत्:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootदा
Formशतृ (present active participle), Masculine, Nominative, Singular
कन्याम्a maiden, daughter
कन्याम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootकन्या
FormFeminine, Accusative, Singular
यःwho
यः:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootयद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
तेof you, your
ते:
TypePronoun
Rootयुष्मद्
FormGenitive, Singular
हरतिsteals, takes away
हरति:
TypeVerb
Rootहृ
FormPresent, Third, Singular
पुष्करम्lotus (or: Puṣkara, a name/place)
पुष्करम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootपुष्कर
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular

नाभाग उवाच

N
Nābhāga
P
puṣkara (lotus)

Educational Q&A

The verse frames theft and moral transgression as leading to deep ethical downfall: habitual untruth, hostility toward the virtuous, and the grave social-religious sin of treating marriage as a commercial transaction (giving a maiden for a price).

Nābhāga pronounces a condemnation/curse-like statement against the person who has taken the other party’s lotus, listing the moral consequences that should attach to that offender.