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Mahabharata — Adi Parva, Shloka 6

Hiḍimba’s Approach and Hiḍimbā’s Warning to Bhīmasena (हिडिम्बागमनम् / हिडिम्बा-भयवचनम्)

नित्यमुद्यतदण्ड: स्यान्नित्यं विवृतपौरुष: । अच्छिद्रश्छिद्रदर्शी स्थात्‌ परेषां विवरानुग:

nityam udyatadaṇḍaḥ syān nityaṁ vivṛtapauruṣaḥ | acchidraś chidradarśī sthāt pareṣāṁ vivarānugaḥ ||

வைசம்பாயனர் கூறினார்— அரசன் எப்போதும் தண்டனைச் செலுத்தத் தயாராக இருக்க வேண்டும்; இடையறாது ஆண்மைத் துணிவும் முயற்சியும் வெளிப்படுத்த வேண்டும். தன் குறை வெளிப்பட விடாமல் காக்க வேண்டும்; ஆனால் பிறரின் குறைகளை கூர்ந்து நோக்கி, பகைவரின் பலவீனம் தெரிந்தவுடன் அந்த இடைவெளியில் புகுந்து தாக்க வேண்டும்.

नित्यम्always
नित्यम्:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootनित्य
उद्यत-दण्डःhaving the rod/punishment raised; ready to punish
उद्यत-दण्डः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootउद्यतदण्ड
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
स्यात्should be
स्यात्:
TypeVerb
Rootअस्
FormOptative, 3, Singular, Parasmaipada
नित्यम्always
नित्यम्:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootनित्य
विवृत-पौरुषःwith manliness/valor displayed; openly energetic
विवृत-पौरुषः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootविवृतपौरुष
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
अच्छिद्रःwithout a flaw; unassailable
अच्छिद्रः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootअच्छिद्र
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
छिद्र-दर्शीone who looks for others' weak points
छिद्र-दर्शी:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootछिद्रदर्शिन्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
स्थात्should stand/remain
स्थात्:
TypeVerb
Rootस्था
FormOptative, 3, Singular, Parasmaipada
परेषाम्of others
परेषाम्:
TypeNoun
Rootपर
FormMasculine/Neuter, Genitive, Plural
विवर-अनुगःone who follows up on openings/gaps (in enemies)
विवर-अनुगः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootविवरानुग
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular

वैशम्पायन उवाच

V
Vaiśampāyana
R
rājā (the king)
D
daṇḍa (the rod/punishment)

Educational Q&A

The verse teaches rājadharma in a realist key: a ruler must maintain constant readiness to enforce law (daṇḍa), project decisive strength, conceal personal vulnerabilities, and vigilantly identify and exploit an adversary’s weak points to protect the realm.

In Vaiśampāyana’s narration, a didactic instruction on kingship is being stated: the king’s posture is described as ever-prepared for punishment and strategy—guarding his own weaknesses while watching for openings in opponents.

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