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Srimad Bhagavatam — Tritiya Skandha, Shloka 43

Diti’s Untimely Desire and the Birth-Cause of the Asura Line

Prelude to Hiranyākṣa–Varāha

न ब्रह्मदण्डदग्धस्य न भूतभयदस्य च । नारकाश्चानुगृह्णन्ति यां यां योनिमसौ गत: ॥ ४३ ॥

na brahma-daṇḍa-dagdhasya na bhūta-bhayadasya ca nārakāś cānugṛhṇanti yāṁ yāṁ yonim asau gataḥ

பிராமணரின் தண்டத்தால் எரிந்தவனும், எப்போதும் உயிர்களுக்குப் பயந்தவனும், எந்த எந்த யோனியில் பிறந்தாலும் அங்கே நரகவாசிகளும் அவனை அருள்புரியார்; அந்த யோனியிலுள்ள உயிர்களும் அல்ல.

nanot
na:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/negation marker)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootna (अव्यय)
Formनिषेधार्थक-अव्यय (negative particle)
brahma-daṇḍa-dagdhasyaof one burnt by Brahmā’s punishment/rod
brahma-daṇḍa-dagdhasya:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Genitive)
TypeAdjective
Rootbrahma-daṇḍa-dagdha (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, षष्ठी (6th/genitive), एकवचन; समासः—ब्रह्मणः दण्डः (षष्ठी-तत्पुरुष) + तेन दग्धः (तृतीया-तत्पुरुष/उपपद) → ‘ब्रह्मदण्डदग्ध’
nanor
na:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/negation marker)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootna (अव्यय)
Formनिषेधार्थक-अव्यय
bhūta-bhayadasyaof one who gives fear to beings
bhūta-bhayadasya:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Genitive)
TypeAdjective
Rootbhūta-bhayada (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, षष्ठी (6th/genitive), एकवचन; समासः—भूतानां भयदः (षष्ठी-तत्पुरुष)
caand
ca:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/conjunction)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootca (अव्यय)
Formसमुच्चयार्थक-अव्यय (conjunction)
nārakāḥthe hellish beings (denizens of hell)
nārakāḥ:
Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
TypeNoun
Rootnāraka (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/nominative), बहुवचन
caalso
ca:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/conjunction)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootca (अव्यय)
Formसमुच्चयार्थक-अव्यय
anugṛhṇantishow favor (to), spare
anugṛhṇanti:
Kriya (क्रिया/Verb)
TypeVerb
Rootanu-grah (धातु)
Formलट् (Present), परस्मैपद, प्रथमपुरुष (3rd person), बहुवचन; धातुः—ग्रह्/गृह् (to seize) उपसर्गः—अनु; अर्थे ‘अनुग्रह’ (to show favor)
yāmwhich
yām:
Karma (कर्म/Object)
TypeNoun
Rootyad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd/accusative), एकवचन; सर्वनाम
yāmwhichever
yām:
Karma (कर्म/Object)
TypeNoun
Rootyad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन; पुनरुक्ति (distributive repetition)
yonimwomb; birth; species
yonim:
Karma (कर्म/Object)
TypeNoun
Rootyoni (प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd/accusative), एकवचन
asauthat one (he)
asau:
Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
TypeNoun
Rootasau (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/nominative), एकवचन; सर्वनाम (demonstrative)
gataḥhas gone/attained
gataḥ:
Kriya (क्रिया/Predicative participle)
TypeVerb
Rootgam (धातु) + gata (कृदन्त-प्रातिपदिक)
Formक्त (past passive participle), पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; ‘गम्’ धातोः—गतः = gone/attained

A practical example of a condemned species of life is the dog. Dogs are so condemned that they never show any sympathy to their contemporaries.

B
Brahmā

FAQs

This verse indicates that when one is driven by fear-giving, demoniac tendencies, even punishments and hellish checks may not reform him; he continues taking repeated births, entering “whatever womb,” propelled by his karma and nature.

To emphasize the severity of the character being described: despite cosmic authority (Brahmā) and karmic retribution (Naraka), his destructive disposition remained unchecked, showing how deeply rooted adharma can dominate a conditioned soul.

Don’t rely only on external fear or punishment to change habits; cultivate inner transformation through sādhana, good association, and devotion—otherwise harmful tendencies can persist and intensify over time.