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Shloka 4

Paramahaṁsa-Dharma: The Avadhūta-like Sannyāsī and Prahlāda’s Dialogue with the ‘Python’ Saint

पश्येदात्मन्यदो विश्वं परे सदसतोऽव्यये । आत्मानं च परं ब्रह्म सर्वत्र सदसन्मये ॥ ४ ॥

paśyed ātmany ado viśvaṁ pare sad-asato ’vyaye ātmānaṁ ca paraṁ brahma sarvatra sad-asan-maye

சந்நியாசி இந்தப் பிரபஞ்சத்தை ஆத்மாவிலேயே காண வேண்டும்; சத்-அசத் வடிவான உலகம் அழியாத பரமத்தில் தங்கியிருக்கிறது என உணர வேண்டும். தன் ஆத்மாவையும் பரப்ரஹ்மத்தையும் எங்கும்—சத்திலும் அசத்திலும்—வியாபித்திருப்பதாகக் காணப் பழக வேண்டும்।

पश्येत्should see
पश्येत्:
Kriya (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootपश् (धातु)
Formविधिलिङ् (Optative), परस्मैपदम्, प्रथमपुरुषः, एकवचनम्; धातुः पश्—दर्शने
आत्मनिin the self
आत्मनि:
Adhikarana (अधिकरण)
TypeNoun
Rootआत्मन् (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुल्लिङ्गः, सप्तमी (7th case/locative), एकवचनम्
अदःthis/that (manifest)
अदः:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootअदस् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formसर्वनाम; नपुंसकलिङ्गः, प्रथमा/द्वितीया (1st/2nd case), एकवचनम्
विश्वम्the universe
विश्वम्:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootविश्व (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्गः, प्रथमा/द्वितीया, एकवचनम्
परेin the Supreme
परे:
Adhikarana (अधिकरण)
TypeNoun
Rootपर (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुल्लिङ्गः, सप्तमी (7th case/locative), एकवचनम् (वेदान्त-प्रयोगे ‘in the Supreme’)
सत्-असतःof the real and the unreal
सत्-असतः:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/षष्ठी)
TypeNoun
Rootसत् (प्रातिपदिक) + असत् (प्रातिपदिक)
Formद्वन्द्व-समासः (itaretara: ‘being and non-being’); नपुंसकलिङ्गः, षष्ठी (6th case/genitive), एकवचनम्
अव्ययेin the imperishable (one)
अव्यये:
Adhikarana (अधिकरण)
TypeAdjective
Rootअव्यय (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुल्लिङ्गः, सप्तमी (7th case/locative), एकवचनम्; विशेषणम् (‘imperishable’)
आत्मानम्the self
आत्मानम्:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootआत्मन् (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुल्लिङ्गः, द्वितीया (2nd case/accusative), एकवचनम्
and
:
Samuccaya (समुच्चय)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootच (अव्यय)
Formसमुच्चय-अव्ययम् (conjunction)
परम्supreme
परम्:
Visheshana (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootपर (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्गः, द्वितीया (2nd case), एकवचनम्; विशेषणम्
ब्रह्मBrahman
ब्रह्म:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootब्रह्मन् (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्गः, द्वितीया (2nd case), एकवचनम्
सर्वत्रeverywhere
सर्वत्र:
Adhikarana (अधिकरण)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootसर्वत्र (अव्यय)
Formदेशवाचक-अव्ययम् (adverb of place)
सत्-असत्-मयेin that which is made of real and unreal (i.e., the world-appearance)
सत्-असत्-मये:
Adhikarana (अधिकरण)
TypeAdjective
Rootसत् (प्रातिपदिक) + असत् (प्रातिपदिक) + मय (प्रातिपदिक)
Formतत्पुरुषः (material/constitutive sense: ‘consisting of’); नपुंसकलिङ्गः, सप्तमी (7th case/locative), एकवचनम्; विशेषणम्
N
Narada Muni
Y
Yudhishthira Maharaja

FAQs

This verse teaches a God-centered vision: perceive the universe within the self, the self within the Supreme, and recognize the individual soul and Supreme Brahman present throughout all manifestations of matter and spirit.

Narada instructs Yudhishthira on dharma and spiritual culture for civilized life, emphasizing inner realization—seeing the Supreme as the imperishable foundation of both the manifest and unmanifest—so one lives responsibly and devotionally.

Practice viewing people and situations through a spiritual lens: remember the soul within, respect all beings, reduce ego-centered reactions, and cultivate steady remembrance of the Supreme in daily work, relationships, and service.