Mantra 19

Sukta 9

Sanskrit (Devanagari)

प्रब्लीनो मृदितः शयां हतो३मित्रो न्यर्बुदे । अग्निजिह्वा धूमशिखा जयन्तीर्यन्तु सेनया

IAST Transliteration

prá-blī́no mṛditáḥ śáyāṃ ható ’mítró ny àrbude | agní-jihvā́ dhū́ma-śikhā́ jáyantīr yantu sénayā́

English Translation (Griffith/Whitney)

Crushed down, ground to dust, let the foe lie low—smitten down, O Arbuda. Let the fire-tongued, smoke-crested, victorious powers advance with our host.

Translation

நசுக்கப்பட்டு, தூளாக அரைக்கப்பட்டு—பகைவர் கீழே கிடக்கட்டும்; ஓ ந்யர்புதே (அர்புத), அவன் அடிபட்டு வீழட்டும். அக்னி-ஜிஹ்வா, தூம-சிகா, வெற்றியாளி சக்திகள் எங்கள் சேனையுடன் முன்னே செல்லட்டும்.

Word by Word

• प्रब्ली॑नः: sunk down, collapsed
• प्रब्ली॑नः: Kartā (अन्तर्निहितः—‘अमित्रः’ इत्यस्य विशेषणम्)
• Type: Adjective (past participle)
• Root: प्र-√ब्लि (ब्लीन) / प्रब्लीना- (कृदन्त-प्रातिपदिक)

• मृदि॒तः: crushed, pressed down
• मृदि॒तः: Kartā (विशेषणम्—‘अमित्रः’)
• Type: Adjective (past participle)
• Root: √मृद् (to crush/press) → मृदित-

• श॑याम्: (into) a lying-down state; to lie prostrate
• श॑याम्: Karma (गत्यर्थे/परिणामे—‘lying down’ as the resulting state)
• Type: Noun (verbal noun)
• Root: √शी (to lie) → शय- (कृदन्त/नामधातु-प्रातिपदिक) ; here as accusative of state/goal

• ह॒तः: slain, struck down
• ह॒तः: Kartā (विशेषणम्—‘अमित्रः’)
• Type: Adjective (past participle)
• Root: √हन् (to strike/kill) → हत-

• अमित्रः: the enemy
• अमित्रः: Kartā (वाक्यस्य मुख्यः कर्ता—स्थितिवर्णने)
• Type: Noun
• Root: अमित्र- (प्रातिपदिक)

• नि: down, into
• नि: — (क्रियाविशेषण/उपसर्गः)
• Type: Indeclinable (preverb)
• Root: नि (उपसर्ग/अव्यय)

• अर्बुदे: in the swelling/tumor; in the ‘arbuda’ (lump)
• अर्बुदे: Adhikaraṇa (स्थान/अवस्थानम्)
• Type: Noun
• Root: अर्बुद- (प्रातिपदिक)

• अग्निजिह्वाः: fire-tongued (flames)
• अग्निजिह्वाः: Kartā (यन्तु इत्यस्य कर्तृ)
• Type: Noun (compound)
• Root: अग्नि-जिह्वा- (समासः; प्रातिपदिक)

• धूमशिखाः: smoke-crested (flames)
• धूमशिखाः: Kartā (यन्तु इत्यस्य कर्तृ; ‘अग्निजिह्वाः’ इत्यस्य समानाधिकरणम्)
• Type: Noun (compound)
• Root: धूम-शिखा- (समासः; प्रातिपदिक)

• जयन्तीः: conquering, victorious
• जयन्तीः: Kartā (विशेषणम्—अग्निजिह्वा/धूमशिखा)
• Type: Adjective/Participle
• Root: √जि (to conquer) → जयन्ती- (वर्तमानकृदन्त/विशेषण)

• यन्तु: let them go/advance
• यन्तु: — (मुख्यक्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √या (to go) लोट्

• सेनया: with the army; by the host
• सेनया: Karaṇa (सह/साधनभावः—‘with/by an army’)
• Type: Noun
• Root: सेना- (प्रातिपदिक)

Attribution

Rishi: Atharvanic/Angirasa tradition (hymn attributed in tradition to Atharvanic seers; exact r̥ṣi as per Anukramaṇī to be verified per edition)

Devata: Arbuda (personified crushing power) with martial Agni-like imagery

Chandas: Predominantly Anuṣṭubh-like cadence (editional metrical analysis required for exact assignment)

Mantra Rasa

{"primary_rasa":"raudra","secondary_rasa":"vira","emotional_arc":"From crushing imprecation to triumphant forward motion with the host.","listener_experience":"Fierce resolve, protective aggression, heightened energy.","intensity":8}