Sutra 13

Devanagari script

तत्र हीनचतुर्गुणो दण्डः ॥ कZ_०२.८.१३ ॥

Transliteration

tatra hīnacaturguṇo daṇḍaḥ

Translation

அந்த நிலையில் தண்டம் நான்கு மடங்கு (தொகையின்) ஆகும்; குறைவு/தரத்திற்கு ஏற்ப குறைக்கப்படும்.

Word by Word

• तत्र: there; in that case/context
• Type: Avyaya
• Root: तत्र (प्रातिपदिक/अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; देशवाचक (locative sense)

• हीन-चतुर्गुणः: reduced to fourfold; fourfold but diminished (mitigated)
• Type: Noun (Adjectival)
• Root: हीन (प्रातिपदिक) + चतुर्गुण (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग; प्रथमा-एकवचन; विशेषणम् (दण्डः इत्यस्य)

• दण्डः: punishment; fine; penalty
• Type: Noun
• Root: दण्ड (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग; प्रथमा-एकवचन; कर्तृ/विषय (copular sense with implied ‘भवति/अस्ति’)

Entities Mentioned

• offender (official/agent) (context)

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FAQs

What administrative principle is implied by a ‘multiple-of-amount’ fine?

A gain-based sanction: the fine scales with the magnitude of fiscal harm, discouraging both petty and large-scale manipulation.