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Shloka 23

पार्वतीवाक्यं—शिवस्य परब्रह्मत्व-निरूपणम्

Pārvatī’s Discourse: Establishing Śiva as Parabrahman

अगुणं ब्रह्मणो रूपं शिवस्य परमात्मनः । तत्कथं हि विजानन्ति त्वादृशास्तद्बहिर्मुखाः

aguṇaṃ brahmaṇo rūpaṃ śivasya paramātmanaḥ | tatkathaṃ hi vijānanti tvādṛśāstadbahirmukhāḥ

अगुणं ब्रह्मणो रूपं शिवस्य परमात्मनः। तत्कथं हि विजानन्ति त्वादृशास्तद्बहिर्मुखाः॥

a-guṇamquality-less; attributeless
a-guṇam:
Karma (कर्म/object complement)
TypeAdjective
Roota-guṇa (प्रातिपदिक)
FormNeuter (नपुंसकलिङ्ग), Accusative (2nd/द्वितीया), Singular (एकवचन); नञ्-समास: ‘without qualities’
brahmaṇaḥof Brahman
brahmaṇaḥ:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/genitive)
TypeNoun
Rootbrahman (ब्रह्मन् प्रातिपदिक)
FormNeuter (नपुंसकलिङ्ग), Genitive (6th/षष्ठी), Singular (एकवचन)
rūpamform
rūpam:
Karma (कर्म/object)
TypeNoun
Rootrūpa (प्रातिपदिक)
FormNeuter, Accusative (2nd), Singular
śivasyaof Śiva
śivasya:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/genitive)
TypeNoun
Rootśiva (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Genitive (6th), Singular
paramātmanaḥof the Supreme Self
paramātmanaḥ:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/genitive)
TypeNoun
Rootparama (प्रातिपदिक) + ātman (आत्मन् प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Genitive (6th), Singular; समासः: परमात्मन् (कर्मधारय)
tatthat
tat:
Karma (कर्म/object)
TypeNoun
Roottad (तद् सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
FormNeuter, Accusative (2nd), Singular; demonstrative pronoun referring to the attributeless form
kathamhow?
katham:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/interrogative)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootkatham (अव्यय)
FormAvyaya, interrogative adverb
hiindeed; for
hi:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/particle)
TypeIndeclinable
Roothi (अव्यय)
FormAvyaya, emphatic/causal particle (निपात)
vijānantithey know; they understand
vijānanti:
Kriya (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootvi-√jñā (ज्ञा धातु)
FormLaṭ (लट्/present), Prathama-puruṣa (3rd), Plural (बहुवचन); parasmaipada
tvādṛśāḥpeople like you
tvādṛśāḥ:
Karta (कर्ता/subject)
TypeNoun
Roottvādṛśa (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Nominative (1st), Plural; ‘like you’ (2nd-person-based pronominal adjective used substantively)
tatthat
tat:
Karma (कर्म/object)
TypeNoun
Roottad (तद् सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
FormNeuter, Accusative (2nd), Singular; refers back to ‘that (truth/form)’
bahir-mukhāḥoutward-turned
bahir-mukhāḥ:
Visheshana (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootbahis (अव्यय/प्रातिपदिक) + mukha (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural; बहुव्रीहि: ‘बहिर्मुखं यस्य सः’ = outward-facing

Lord Shiva

Tattva Level: pati

Shiva Form: Dakṣiṇāmūrti

Significance: Centers the need for inward-turning (antarmukhatā) for knowing nirguṇa Śiva; supports the Siddhānta emphasis that true knowledge arises through Śiva’s grace and right orientation, not mere externality.

Role: teaching

S
Shiva
B
Brahman
P
Paramatman

FAQs

It teaches that Śiva’s highest reality is nirguṇa (beyond the three guṇas), and that true knowledge of Him arises through inward realization rather than external, sense-bound outlook.

While Śiva is ultimately nirguṇa Brahman, devotees approach Him through saguna supports like the Śiva-liṅga; sincere worship purifies the mind so one can recognize the nirguṇa truth the liṅga signifies.

Turn inward through japa of the Pañcākṣarī (Om Namaḥ Śivāya) with focused meditation; such practice shifts attention from outward distractions toward direct awareness of Śiva as the indwelling Paramātman.