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Shloka 20

प्रकृतितत्त्व-विचारः / Inquiry into Prakṛti (Nature/Śakti) and Śiva’s Transcendence

पराधीनस्सदा त्वं हि नानाकर्म्मकरो वशी । निर्विकारी कथं त्वं हि न लिप्तश्च मया कथम्

parādhīnassadā tvaṃ hi nānākarmmakaro vaśī | nirvikārī kathaṃ tvaṃ hi na liptaśca mayā katham

पराधीन इव सदा त्वं, तथापि वशी बहुकर्मकर्ता। निर्विकारोऽसि चेत् कथं कर्मणा न लिप्यसे, कथं च मया मायेया न बद्धो भवसि?

पराधीनःdependent (on another)
पराधीनः:
Karta (कर्ता/Subject-complement)
TypeAdjective
Rootपराधीन (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति (Nominative/1st), एकवचन; तत्पुरुष-समासः: पर + अधीन (dependent on another)
सदाalways
सदा:
Kriyāviśeṣaṇa (क्रियाविशेषण/Adverbial)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootसदा (अव्यय)
Formकालवाचक-अव्यय (adverb of time)
त्वम्you
त्वम्:
Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
TypeNoun
Rootयुष्मद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formउत्तम-पुरुषार्थे मध्यम-पुरुष-सर्वनाम; प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन
हिindeed/for
हि:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Discourse particle)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootहि (अव्यय)
Formनिपात (particle), हेत्वर्थ/निश्चयार्थ
नानाvarious
नाना:
Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण/Qualifier)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootनाना (अव्यय/विशेषणार्थ)
Formप्रकारवाचक-अव्यय (variety/many kinds), समासपूर्वपदत्वेन प्रयुक्तम्
कर्म-करःdoer of actions
कर्म-करः:
Karta (कर्ता/Predicate-noun)
TypeNoun
Rootकर्मन् + कर (प्रातिपदिक); √कृ (धातु) से कर (कर्तृवाचक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन; तत्पुरुष-समासः (कर्माणि करोति इति)
वशीself-controlled/master
वशी:
Karta (कर्ता/Subject-complement)
TypeAdjective
Rootवशिन् (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन; वशिन्-शब्दस्य प्रथमा एकवचन (वशी)
निर्विकारीunchanging
निर्विकारी:
Karta (कर्ता/Subject-complement)
TypeAdjective
Rootनिर्विकारिन् (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन; तत्पुरुष-समासः: निर् + विकारिन् (without change)
कथम्how?
कथम्:
Kriyāviśeṣaṇa (क्रियाविशेषण/Interrogative adverb)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootकथम् (अव्यय)
Formप्रश्नवाचक-अव्यय (interrogative adverb)
त्वम्you
त्वम्:
Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
TypeNoun
Rootयुष्मद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formप्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन
हिindeed
हि:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Discourse particle)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootहि (अव्यय)
Formनिपात (particle)
not
:
Pratiṣedha (प्रतिषेध/Negation)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootन (अव्यय)
Formनिषेधार्थक-अव्यय (negation particle)
लिप्तःsmeared/tainted/attached
लिप्तः:
Karta (कर्ता/Subject-complement)
TypeAdjective
Root√लिप् (धातु) + क्त (कृदन्त)
Formक्त-प्रत्ययान्त भूतकर्मणि/भूतकृदन्त (past participle); पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन
and
:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Connector)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootच (अव्यय)
Formसमुच्चयार्थक-अव्यय (conjunction)
मयाby me/with me
मया:
Karaṇa (करण/Instrument)
TypeNoun
Rootअस्मद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formतृतीया-विभक्ति (Instrumental/3rd), एकवचन
कथम्how?
कथम्:
Kriyāviśeṣaṇa (क्रियाविशेषण/Interrogative adverb)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootकथम् (अव्यय)
Formप्रश्नवाचक-अव्यय

Pārvatī

Tattva Level: pati

Shiva Form: Īśāna

Shakti Form: Pārvatī

Role: teaching

S
Shiva
P
Parvati

FAQs

Pārvatī raises a key Shaiva question: how Shiva can appear engaged in creation and deeds yet remain nirvikāra (unchanging) and alipta (untainted). The verse points to Shiva as Pati—supreme controller—whose actions do not bind Him the way karma binds the pashu (individual soul).

Linga worship trains the devotee to see the Lord as both manifest (saguṇa—graciously active as creator, protector, teacher) and transcendent (nirguṇa—beyond impurity and karmic limitation). This verse frames that paradox, encouraging reverence for Shiva’s immanence without losing sight of His transcendence.

Meditate on Shiva as “alipta” while doing japa of the Pañcākṣarī—Om Namaḥ Śivāya—offering actions mentally at the Linga and cultivating non-attachment. This supports a Mahāśivarātri-style vow of inner purity: act in the world, but dedicate results to Shiva.