Rig Veda 8.12.18: Mandala 8, Sukta 12, Mantra 18
Sukta 8.12
Devata: Indra
Chandas: Gayatri (likely; needs confirmation by metrical count)
Samhita Patha (Devanagari)
यद्वासि सुन्वतो वृधो यजमानस्य सत्पते । उक्थे वा यस्य रण्यसि समिन्दुभिः ॥
Transliteration
yád vā́si sunvató vṛdhó yajamā́nasya satpate | ukthé vā yásya ráṇyasi sám índubhiḥ ||
Translation
यद्वासि हे सत्पते सुन्वतो वृधो यजमानस्य, उक्थे वा यस्य रण्यसि—तस्येह समिन्दुभिः प्रमोदस्व।
Word by Word
यत्when; that (relative)
यत्:
Adhikaraṇa (काल/निमित्त-सम्बन्धे) / वाक्य-सम्बन्धक
TypeIndeclinable
Rootयद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
वाor
वा:
—
TypeIndeclinable
Rootवा (निपात)
असिyou are
असि:
— (सम्बन्धक क्रिया; कर्ता = त्वम्/इन्द्रः निहित)
TypeVerb
Rootअस्
सुन्वतःof the Soma-presser (one who presses)
सुन्वतः:
सम्बन्ध (षष्ठी) — ‘of the presser’
TypeNoun (participle used substantively)
Rootसु (धातु) → सुन्वत् (वर्तमान कृदन्त/शतृ)
वृधःof the thriving/strengthening (presser)
वृधः:
सम्बन्ध (षष्ठी) — qualifying ‘सुन्वतः’
TypeAdjective
Rootवृध् (धातु) → वृध (कृदन्त/विशेषण ‘वर्धमान/वर्धक’)
यजमानस्यof the sacrificer
यजमानस्य:
सम्बन्ध (षष्ठी) — ‘of the sacrificer’
TypeNoun (agent noun)
Rootयज् (धातु) → यजमान (कृदन्त/शानच्)
सत्पतेO lord of the good/true (Satpati)
सत्पते:
सम्बोधन (addressed to Indra)
TypeNoun
Rootसत् + पति (प्रातिपदिक; समास)
उक्थेin the hymn (uktha)
उक्थे:
Adhikaraṇa (सप्तमी) — ‘in/at the hymn of praise’
TypeNoun
Rootउक्थ (प्रातिपदिक)
वाor
वा:
—
TypeIndeclinable
Rootवा (निपात)
यस्यwhose
यस्य:
सम्बन्ध (षष्ठी) — ‘whose’
TypePronoun
Rootयद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
रण्यसिyou rejoice; you take delight
रण्यसि:
— (मुख्य क्रिया; कर्ता = त्वम्/इन्द्रः)
TypeVerb
Rootरण्य्/रम्? (वैदिक धातु ‘to rejoice, take delight’); प्रायः √रण्य (Denom./class I)
सम्together; fully
सम्:
—
TypeIndeclinable
Rootसम् (उपसर्ग)
इन्दुभिःwith the Soma-drops
इन्दुभिः:
Karaṇa (तृतीया) — ‘with/by the Soma-drops’
TypeNoun
Rootइन्दु (प्रातिपदिक)
Ritual Application
Philosophical Concepts
Vedic Cosmology
Natural Symbolism
Academic Analysis
Cross References
Yogic Application
Chanting Notes
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