Rig Veda 7.71.1: Mandala 7, Sukta 71, Mantra 1
Sukta 7.71
Rishi: Vasiṣṭha (traditional for Maṇḍala 7)
Devata: Aśvinau (with dawn/night transition imagery in the verse)
Chandas: Triṣṭubh (probable)
Samhita Patha (Devanagari)
अप स्वसुरुषसो नग्जिहीते रिणक्ति कृष्णीररुषाय पन्थाम् । अश्वामघा गोमघा वां हुवेम दिवा नक्तं शरुमस्मद्युयोतम् ॥
Transliteration
ápa svásur uṣáso nák jihīte riṇákti kṛ́ṣṇīr aruṣā́ya pánthām | áśvām aghā gómaghā vāṃ huvema dívā náktaṃ śárum asmád yuyotam ||
Translation
रात्रिः स्वसुरुषसः अपगच्छति, कृष्णान् पन्थान् अरुषाय प्रकाशपथाय रिणक्ति। हे अश्विनौ, अश्वमघौ गोमघौ, वां वयं दिवा नक्तं च हुवेम; अस्मद् युयोतं शरुम् अनिष्टस्य।
Word by Word
अपaway, forth
अप:
—
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअप (उपसर्ग/निपात)
स्वसुःthe sister
स्वसुः:
Kartā
TypeNoun
Rootस्वसु (प्रातिपदिक)
उषसःof Uṣas (Dawn)
उषसः:
Sambandha (genitive relation)
TypeNoun
Rootउषस् (प्रातिपदिक)
नग्जिहीतेlies down/settles (naked/bare)
नग्जिहीते:
Kriyā
TypeVerb
Rootहिता/ही (√धा/√हि ‘to put, place’ > ‘to lie/settle’), with नङ्/नक्- (Vedic intensifier/particle in compound)
रिणक्तिreleases, lets go
रिणक्ति:
Kriyā
TypeVerb
Root√रिच्/√रिणक् (Vedic: ‘to leave, let go, set free’)
कृष्णीःthe black (ones), dark (nights)
कृष्णीः:
Karma
TypeAdjective (used substantively)
Rootकृष्ण (प्रातिपदिक)
अरुषायfor the ruddy (light), for the red one
अरुषाय:
Sampradāna
TypeAdjective
Rootअरुष (प्रातिपदिक)
पन्थाम्path, way
पन्थाम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootपथिन्/पन्था (प्रातिपदिक)
अश्वामघाO you two rich in horses
अश्वामघा:
Sambodhana (address)
TypeAdjective (epithet)
Rootअश्व + मघ (प्रातिपदिक; बहुव्रीहि/कर्मधारय-समास)
गोमघाO you two rich in cows
गोमघा:
Sambodhana (address)
TypeAdjective (epithet)
Rootगो + मघ (प्रातिपदिक; समास)
वाम्you two (of you / you two)
वाम्:
Karma (object of invocation) / Sambandha
TypePronoun
Rootयुष्मद् (सर्वनाम)
हुवेमwe would invoke/call
हुवेम:
Kriyā
TypeVerb
Root√हू (आह्वाने)
दिवाby day, in the daytime
दिवा:
Adhikaraṇa (time)
TypeIndeclinable (adverbial instrumental)
Rootदिव्/द्यौ (प्रातिपदिक)
नक्तम्by night
नक्तम्:
Adhikaraṇa (time)
TypeIndeclinable (adverb)
Rootनक्त (प्रातिपदिक)
शरुम्harm, injury
शरुम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootशरु (प्रातिपदिक)
अस्मत्from us
अस्मत्:
Apādāna
TypePronoun
Rootअस्मद् (सर्वनाम)
युयोतम्drive away, remove (you two)
युयोतम्:
Kriyā
TypeVerb
Root√यु (वियोजने/अपसारणे)
Ritual Application
Philosophical Concepts
Vedic Cosmology
Natural Symbolism
Academic Analysis
Cross References
Yogic Application
Chanting Notes
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