Rig Veda 4.50.3: Mandala 4, Sukta 50, Mantra 3
Sukta 4.50
Rishi: Vāmadeva Gautama (traditional)
Devata: Bṛhaspati
Chandas: Tr̥ṣṭubh (likely; confirmable from full hymn prosody)
Samhita Patha (Devanagari)
बृहस्पते या परमा परावदत आ त ऋतस्पृशो नि षेदुः । तुभ्यं खाता अवता अद्रिदुग्धा मध्वः श्चोतन्त्यभितो विरप्शम् ॥
Transliteration
bṛ́haspate yā́ paramā́ parāvádata ā́ ta ṛtáspṛśo ní ṣeduḥ | túbhyaṁ khātā́ avatā́ ádridugdhā mádhvaḥ ścotanty abhíto virápśam ||
Translation
हे बृहस्पते, या परमा परावदतः ऋतस्पृशो जनास्तव समीपे निषेदुः। तुभ्यं खाता अवता अद्रिदुग्धा मध्वः श्चोतन्त्यभितो विरप्शम्॥
Word by Word
बृहस्पतेO Bṛhaspati
बृहस्पते:
सम्बोधन
TypeNoun
Rootबृहस्पति- (प्रातिपदिक)
याwhich (those)
या:
कर्तृ
TypePronoun
Rootयद्- (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
परमाhighest, supreme
परमा:
कर्तृ
TypeAdjective
Rootपरम- (प्रातिपदिक)
परावत्from afar, in the far distance
परावत्:
अधिकरण (दूरदेशे)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootपरावत् (अव्यय/निपात; ‘far away’)
अतःfrom there, thence
अतः:
अपादान (तस्मात्)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअतः (अव्यय)
आhither, towards
आ:
—
TypeIndeclinable
Rootआ (उपसर्ग/अव्यय)
तेof you, your
ते:
सम्बन्ध (षष्ठी)
TypePronoun
Rootत्वद्- (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
ऋतस्पृशःtouching/attaining ṛta (cosmic order), truth-touching ones
ऋतस्पृशः:
कर्तृ
TypeAdjective (used substantively)
Rootऋत-स्पृश् (प्रातिपदिक; समास: ऋतं स्पृशन्ति)
निdown, in (as preverb)
नि:
—
TypeIndeclinable
Rootनि (उपसर्ग/अव्यय)
षेदुःthey have sat down, they have taken their seat
षेदुः:
क्रिया
TypeVerb
Root√सद् (सीदति)
तुभ्यम्to you
तुभ्यम्:
सम्प्रदान
TypePronoun
Rootत्वद्- (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
खाताःdug out, excavated
खाताः:
कर्तृ (विशेषणरूपेण)
TypeParticiple
Root√खन् (खनति) → खात (कृदन्त, क्त)
अवताःwells, pits (as sources)
अवताः:
कर्तृ (विशेष्य-सम्बन्धः)
TypeNoun (used adjectivally)
Rootअवत- (प्रातिपदिक; ‘well, pit, cistern’)
अद्रिदुग्धाःpressed/milked by the stone (soma-pressing)
अद्रिदुग्धाः:
कर्तृ (विशेषणरूपेण)
TypeAdjective/Participle
Rootअद्रि-दुग्ध (प्रातिपदिक; समास: अद्रिणा दुग्धाः)
मध्वःof sweetness, of honey/mead (i.e., soma)
मध्वः:
सम्बन्ध (षष्ठी)
TypeNoun
Rootमधु- (प्रातिपदिक)
श्चोतन्तिthey drip, they trickle
श्चोतन्ति:
क्रिया
TypeVerb
Root√च्युत्/√चोत् (च्योतति/चोतति ‘to drip’)
अभितःaround, on all sides
अभितः:
अधिकरण (परितः)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअभितः (अव्यय)
विरप्शम्the wide-working one (Bṛhaspati), the active one
विरप्शम्:
कर्म
TypeAdjective (used substantively)
Rootविरप्श- (प्रातिपदिक; ‘wide-working/active’, epithet)
Ritual Application
Philosophical Concepts
Vedic Cosmology
Natural Symbolism
Academic Analysis
Cross References
Yogic Application
Chanting Notes
Ask anything about this verse
Answers come straight from the texts, with the shlokas they draw on. Ask in your own words.
Not sure where to start?
A free Google sign-in keeps your chat saved across web and the app.
Read Rig Veda in the Vedapath app
Scan the QR code to open this directly in the app, with word-by-word meanings, Sanskrit recitation where available, and more.