Rig Veda 10.159.5 — Mandala 10, Sukta 159, Mantra 5
Sukta 10.159
Rishi: Same hymn-complex as RV 10.159; voice often treated as a woman’s ascendancy charm in later indexing traditions
Devata: Implied Indraic victory-power; not a single devatā vocative here, but the mantra functions as a self-affirmation of victorious śakti
Chandas: Triṣṭubh (probable; requires metrical verification)
Samhita Patha (Devanagari)
असपत्ना सपत्नघ्नी जयन्त्यभिभूवरी । आवृक्षमन्यासां वर्चो राधो अस्थेयसामिव ॥
Transliteration
asápatnā sapatnaghní̄ jayanty abhibhū́varī | ā́vṛkṣam anyā́sāṃ várco rā́dho ástheyasām iva ||
Translation
असपत्ना सपत्नघ्नी जयन्त्यभिभूवरी—अन्यासां वर्चो राधो ममात्मने आवृक्षम्, अस्थेयसामिव; धर्मे स्थितस्यात्मनः प्रतिपक्षिणां दावा न स्थिरो भवति।
Word by Word
असपत्नाwithout a rival co-wife; having no rival
असपत्ना:
कर्तृ (विशेषणरूपेण कर्तरि) / विधेयविशेषण
TypeAdjective
Rootअ- + सपत्न (प्रातिपदिक)
सपत्नघ्नीslayer of the rival (co-wife)
सपत्नघ्नी:
कर्तृ (विशेषण) / विधेयविशेषण
TypeAdjective
Rootसपत्नी + √हन् (घ्नि-प्रत्यय) → घ्नी (प्रातिपदिक)
जयन्तीvictorious; conquering
जयन्ती:
कर्तृ (विशेषण) / विधेयविशेषण
TypeAdjective/Participle
Root√जि (जय) + शतृ/शानच् → जयन्ती (प्रातिपदिक)
अभिभूवरीoverpowering; prevailing over (others)
अभिभूवरी:
कर्तृ (विशेषण) / विधेयविशेषण
TypeAdjective
Rootअभि- + √भू/√भू (अभिभू ‘overpower’) + वरिन्/वरी (प्रातिपदिक)
आtowards; unto; in
आ:
—
TypeIndeclinable
Rootआ (उपसर्ग/निपात)
वृक्षम्tree
वृक्षम्:
कर्म
TypeNoun
Rootवृक्ष (प्रातिपदिक)
अन्यासाम्of the others (women)
अन्यासाम्:
सम्बन्ध (षष्ठी)
TypePronoun/Adjective
Rootअन्य (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
वर्चःsplendour; brilliance; lustre
वर्चः:
कर्म
TypeNoun
Rootवर्चस् (प्रातिपदिक)
राधःwealth; bounty; prosperity
राधः:
कर्म
TypeNoun
Rootराधस् (प्रातिपदिक)
अस्थेयसाम्of those who are not to remain/stand (i.e., unstable/unsuccessful women)
अस्थेयसाम्:
सम्बन्ध (षष्ठी) / उपमान-सम्बन्ध
TypeAdjective (used substantively)
Rootअ- + स्थेयस् (तुलनात्मक/विशेषण-प्रातिपदिक; ‘standing/remaining’)
इवlike; as
इव:
उपमान-द्योतक
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइव
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