Ramayana — Yuddha Kanda, Sarga 97, Shloka 18
सप्तनवतितमः सर्गः (Yuddha Kāṇḍa 97): Sugrīva’s Onslaught and the Fall of Virūpākṣa
Devanagari script
ततःपादपमुद्धृत्यशूरस्सम्प्रधनोहरिः ।अभिपत्यजघानास्यप्रमुखेतुमहागजम् ।।।।
Transliteration
tataḥ pādapam uddhṛtya śūraḥ sampradhano hariḥ | abhipatya jaghānāsya pramukhe tu mahāgajam ||
Translation
ततः शूरः सम्प्रधनो हरिः पादपमुद्धृत्य रणमभिपपात। स अग्रे स्थितं महागजं प्रमुखे जघान॥
Word by Word
ततःthen
ततः:
कालाधिकरण (Temporal adverbial)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootततः (अव्यय)
Formकालवाचक-अव्यय (adverb of time: ‘then/from there’)
पादपम्a tree
पादपम्:
कर्म (Karma/Object)
TypeNoun
Rootपादप (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन
उद्धृत्यhaving uprooted
उद्धृत्य:
क्रियाविशेषण (Adverbial to main verb)
TypeVerb
Rootउद्-हृ (धातु)
Formक्त्वान्त (absolutive), अव्ययभाव; ‘having uprooted/lifted out’
शूरःvaliant
शूरः:
कर्ता-विशेषण (Qualifier of subject)
TypeAdjective
Rootशूर (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; विशेषणम् (qualifying ‘हरिः’)
सम्प्रधनःengaged in fierce combat
सम्प्रधनः:
कर्ता-विशेषण (Qualifier of subject)
TypeAdjective
Rootसम्-प्र-धन (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; विशेषणम्—‘battle-eager/engaged in combat’
हरिःthe Vanara
हरिः:
कर्ता (Karta/Subject)
TypeNoun
Rootहरि (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन
अभिपत्यrushing at
अभिपत्य:
क्रियाविशेषण (Adverbial)
TypeVerb
Rootअभि-पत् (धातु)
Formक्त्वान्त (absolutive), अव्ययभाव; ‘having rushed upon’
जघानstruck/killed
जघान:
क्रिया (Kriyā)
TypeVerb
Rootहन् (धातु)
Formलिट् (Perfect), प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन; परस्मैपद
अस्यof him
अस्य:
सम्बन्ध (Genitive)
TypeNoun
Rootइदम् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, षष्ठी, एकवचन; सर्वनाम
प्रमुखेon the front/face
प्रमुखे:
अधिकरण (Adhikaraṇa/Location)
TypeNoun
Rootप्रमुख (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग/पुंलिङ्ग-प्राय, सप्तमी, एकवचन; ‘at the front/face’
तुindeed/also
तु:
सम्बन्ध (Particle)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतु (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय; विशेषार्थक (particle)
महागजम्the great elephant
महागजम्:
कर्म (Karma/Object)
TypeNoun
Rootमहā + गज (प्रातिपदिक-समास)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन; समासः कर्मधारयः (महान् गजः)
Context
Overwhelmed by the blow of Sugriva, that great elephant retreated four cubits, distressed, and roared.
Characters & Entities
S
SugrīvaV
VirūpākṣaE
ElephantV
VānaraFAQs
Dharma appears as active protection: when aggressors threaten the community, the defender’s duty is to act swiftly and proportionately to stop harm.
Sugrīva counters the attack by using a tree as a weapon and striking the enemy’s war-elephant.
Courage in action (vikrama) and resourcefulness are highlighted.