Ramayana — Yuddha Kanda, Sarga 78, Shloka 6

मकराक्षस्य निर्गमनम्

The Deployment of Makaraksha and Ravana’s Fury

Devanagari script

समीपस्थंबलाध्यक्षंखरपुत्रोऽब्रवीदिदम् ।रथश्चानीयतांशीघ्रंसैन्यंत्वानीयतांत्वरात् ।।।।

Transliteration

samīpasthaṃ balādhyakṣaṃ kharaputro 'bravīd idam |

rathaś cānīyatāṃ śīghraṃ sainyaṃ tv ānīyatāṃ tvarāt ||

Translation

समीपस्थितं बलाध्यक्षं खरपुत्रोऽब्रवीत्— “रथः शीघ्रम् आनीयताम्, सैन्यं च त्वरया समानीयताम्।”

Word by Word

• samīpastham: standing nearby
• samīpastham: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: samīpa-stha (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Accusative, Singular; tatpuruṣa 'standing near'; qualifies balādhyakṣam

• balādhyakṣam: the army commander
• balādhyakṣam: Karma (कर्म) (person addressed by abravīt)
• Type: Noun
• Root: bala + adhyakṣa (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Accusative, Singular; 'army-superintendent/commander'

• kharaputraḥ: Khara's son
• kharaputraḥ: Kartā (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: khara + putra (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• abravīt: said
• abravīt: Kriyā (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √brū (धातु)
• Form: Luṅ (लुङ्) Aorist, Parasmaipada; 3rd person, Singular

• idam: this
• idam: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: idam (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Neuter, Accusative, Singular; object of abravīt (what was said)

• rathaḥ: chariot
• rathaḥ: Karma (कर्म) (to be brought)
• Type: Noun
• Root: ratha (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular; topic of passive imperative ānīyatām

• ca: and
• ca: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: ca (अव्यय)
• Form: Conjunction

• ānīyatām: let (it) be brought
• ānīyatām: Kriyā (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: ā-√nī (धातु)
• Form: Loṭ (लोट्) Imperative, Ātmanepada; 3rd person, Singular; passive/impersonal command 'let it be brought'

• śīghram: quickly
• śīghram: Kriyā-viśeṣaṇa (क्रियाविशेषण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: śīghram (अव्यय)
• Form: Adverb (क्रियाविशेषण)

• sainyam: army
• sainyam: Karma (कर्म) (to be brought)
• Type: Noun
• Root: sainya (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Neuter, Nominative, Singular; topic of second ānīyatām

• tu: and/indeed
• tu: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: tu (अव्यय)
• Form: Particle

• ānīyatām: let (it) be brought
• ānīyatām: Kriyā (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: ā-√nī (धातु)
• Form: Loṭ (लोट्) Imperative, Ātmanepada; 3rd person, Singular; passive command

• tvarāt: in haste
• tvarāt: Kriyā-viśeṣaṇa (क्रियाविशेषण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: tvarā (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Feminine, Ablative, Singular; used adverbially 'from haste' = 'quickly'

Context

Seeing those portents incidentally and not taking into account those Rakshasas went where Rama and Lakshmana were.

Characters & Entities

• Makarākṣa
• Khara
• Chariot
• Army (sainya)

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

It illustrates decisive leadership and organization; in dharmic terms, competence (dakṣatā) is valuable, but must be aligned with righteous ends.

What is the narrative situation?

Makarākṣa begins mobilizing resources—chariot and troops—for immediate engagement.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Command presence and logistical efficiency (leadership in action).