Ramayana — Yuddha Kanda, Sarga 60, Shloka 6

कुम्भकर्णविबोधनम्

The Awakening of Kumbhakarna

Devanagari script

इदंतद्ब्रह्मणोघोरंवाक्यंमामभ्युपस्थितम् ।मानुषेभ्योविजानीहिभयंत्वमितितत्तथा ।।।।

Transliteration

idaṃ tad brahmaṇo ghoraṃ vākyaṃ mām abhyupasthitam | mānuṣebhyo vijānīhi bhayaṃ tvam iti tat tathā ||

Translation

इदं तद् ब्रह्मणो घोरं वाक्यं ममाभ्युपस्थितम्—‘मानुषेभ्यो भयं ते भविष्यति’ इति; तत् तथा सत्यं जातम्।

Word by Word

• idam: this
• idam: Karta (कर्ता/subject)
• Type: Noun
• Root: idam (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा एकवचन; सर्वनाम

• tat: that
• tat: Karta (कर्ता/apposition)
• Type: Noun
• Root: tad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा एकवचन; सर्वनाम (apposition to idam)

• brahmaṇaḥ: of Brahmā
• brahmaṇaḥ: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/possessor)
• Type: Noun
• Root: brahman (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, षष्ठी एकवचन; सम्बन्ध (genitive)

• ghoram: terrible
• ghoram: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: ghora (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया एकवचन; विशेषणम् (of vākyaṃ)

• vākyam: statement; utterance
• vākyam: Karta (कर्ता/subject)
• Type: Noun
• Root: vākya (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा एकवचन

• mām: me
• mām: Karma (कर्म/object affected)
• Type: Noun
• Root: asmad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: द्वितीया एकवचन

• abhyupasthitam: has come upon; has been presented
• abhyupasthitam: Kriyā (क्रिया/predicate)
• Type: Verb
• Root: abhi-upa-sthā (धातु)
• Form: क्त-प्रत्ययान्त कृदन्त (past passive participle), नपुंसकलिङ्ग प्रथमा एकवचन; ‘has come/has befallen’ (agreeing with vākyaṃ)

• mānuṣebhyaḥ: from humans
• mānuṣebhyaḥ: Apādāna (अपादान/source)
• Type: Noun
• Root: mānuṣa (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, पञ्चमी बहुवचन; अपादान (source/ablative)

• vijānīhi: know; understand
• vijānīhi: Kriyā (क्रिया/command)
• Type: Verb
• Root: vi-jñā (धातु)
• Form: लोट् (imperative), परस्मैपद, मध्यमपुरुष, एकवचन

• bhayam: fear
• bhayam: Karma (कर्म/object of vijānīhi)
• Type: Noun
• Root: bhaya (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया एकवचन

• tvam: you
• tvam: Karta (कर्ता/agent of vijānīhi)
• Type: Noun
• Root: yusmad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: प्रथमा एकवचन

• iti: thus
• iti: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/quotative marker)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: iti (अव्यय)
• Form: उद्धरण/वाक्यसमाप्त्यर्थक-अव्यय (quotative)

• tat: that
• tat: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/anaphoric)
• Type: Noun
• Root: tad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया एकवचन; पुनरुक्ति (referring back)

• tathā: so; accordingly
• tathā: Kriyāviśeṣaṇa (क्रियाविशेषण/adverb)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: tathā (अव्यय)
• Form: प्रकारार्थक-अव्यय (in that manner/so)

Context

The dreadful words of Brahma spoken to me" know that danger from humans is coming to be true.

Characters & Entities

• Brahmā
• Humans (mānuṣa)
• Kumbhakarṇa

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

Satya (truth) is inescapable: Brahmā’s word proves true. The Ramāyaṇa repeatedly frames divine speech and moral law as reliable, urging humans to align conduct with dharma rather than resist inevitable consequence.

What is the narrative situation?

A realization is voiced that an earlier divine warning—danger coming from humans—has now manifested in the present conflict.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

A moment of recognition (jñāna) is emphasized: acknowledging truth even when it is ominous.