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Ramayana — Yuddha Kanda, Sarga 31, Shloka 40

मायाशिरोप्रदर्शनम्

The Display of the Illusory Head of Rāma

विद्युज्जिह्वस्ततोगृह्यशिरस्तत्सशरासनम् ।प्रणामंशिरसाकृत्वारावणस्याग्रतस्थितः ।।।।

vidyujjihvas tato gṛhya śiras tat saśarāsanam |

praṇāmaṃ śirasā kṛtvā rāvaṇasyāgrataḥ sthitaḥ ||

विद्युज्जिह्वस्ततो गृह्य शिरस्तत् सशरासनम्। प्रणामं शिरसा कृत्वा रावणस्याग्रतः स्थितः॥

विद्युज्जिह्वःVidyujihva
विद्युज्जिह्वः:
Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
TypeNoun
Rootविद्युत्-जिह्व (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; कर्मधारय-समासः; कर्तृ
ततःthen
ततः:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Temporal)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootततः (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय; क्रम-वाचक (then)
गृह्यhaving taken/holding
गृह्य:
Purvakala-kriya (पूर्वकाल-क्रिया)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootग्रह् (धातु)
Formक्त्वा-प्रत्ययान्त अव्ययीभाव-रूप (absolutive/gerund), अव्यय; पूर्वक्रिया (having taken)
शिरःthe head
शिरः:
Karma (कर्म/Object)
TypeNoun
Rootशिरस् (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन
तत्that
तत्:
Karma (कर्म/Object)
TypeAdjective
Rootतद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन; विशेषण (qualifying śiraḥ)
सशरासनम्together with the bow
सशरासनम्:
Karma (कर्म/Object)
TypeAdjective
Rootस-शरासन (प्रातिपदिक; स + शरासन)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन; उपपद-तत्पुरुषः (शरासनेन सह = together with the bow) विशेषण (qualifying śiraḥ/tat)
प्रणामम्salutation
प्रणामम्:
Karma (कर्म/Object)
TypeNoun
Rootप्रणाम (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन
शिरसाwith (his) head
शिरसा:
Karana (करण/Instrument)
TypeNoun
Rootशिरस् (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, तृतीया, एकवचन
कृत्वाhaving done
कृत्वा:
Purvakala-kriya (पूर्वकाल-क्रिया)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootकृ (धातु)
Formक्त्वा-प्रत्ययान्त अव्यय (absolutive/gerund), अव्यय; पूर्वक्रिया (having done)
रावणस्यof Ravana
रावणस्य:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Genitive)
TypeNoun
Rootरावण (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, षष्ठी, एकवचन
अग्रतःin front
अग्रतः:
Adhikarana (अधिकरण/Location)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअग्रतः (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय; देश-वाचक (adverb: in front)
स्थितःstood
स्थितः:
Kriya (क्रिया/Predicate)
TypeVerb
Rootस्था (धातु)
Formक्त-प्रत्ययान्त कृदन्त (PPP) used predicatively; पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; कर्तरि-भाव (stood)

Then holding the head along with the bow, Vidyujihvam bowed his head down in salutation and stood in front of Ravana.

V
Vidyujihva
R
Rāvaṇa
B
bow

FAQs

It illustrates loyalty used in service of adharma; dharma requires that obedience be guided by truth and righteousness, not merely hierarchy.

Vidyujihva presents himself before Rāvaṇa, carrying the gruesome token intended to deceive Sītā.

Discipline and obedience—shown here as ethically compromised when aligned with cruelty.

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