Ramayana — Yuddha Kanda, Sarga 128, Shloka 20

अयोध्याप्रत्यागमन-सन्देशः

Hanuman Sent Ahead to Ayodhya

Devanagari script

अतोत्पपातवेगेनहनूमान्मारुतात्मजः ।गरुत्मानिववेगेनजिघृक्षन्पन्नगोत्तमम् ।।।।

Transliteration

athotpapāta vegena hanūmān mārutātmajaḥ | garutmān iva vegena jighṛkṣan pannagottamam ||

Translation

अथ हनूमान् मारुतात्मजः वेगेनोत्पपात; गरुत्मानिव वेगेन पन्नगोत्तमं जिघृक्षन्।

Word by Word

• atha: then
• atha: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/adverb)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: atha (अव्यय)
• Form: क्रम/आरम्भ-अव्यय (then/now)

• utpapāta: leapt up/flew up
• utpapāta: Kriyā (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: ut-pat (धातु)
• Form: लिट्-लकार (Perfect), प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन; परस्मैपद; उपसर्ग: उत्

• vegena: with speed
• vegena: Karaṇa (करण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: vega (प्रातिपदik)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया, एकवचन

• hanūmān: Hanuman
• hanūmān: Kartā (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: hanūmat (प्रातिपदik)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन

• mārutātmajaḥ: son of Maruti
• mārutātmajaḥ: Apposition (समनाधिकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: māruta (प्रातिपदik) + ātmaja (प्रातिपदik)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; षष्ठी-तत्पुरुष

• garutmān: Garuda
• garutmān: Upamāna (उपमान)
• Type: Noun
• Root: garutmat (प्रातिपदik)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन

• iva: like
• iva: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/comparison)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: iva (अव्यय)
• Form: उपमा-अव्यय (particle of comparison: like/as)

• vegena: with speed
• vegena: Karaṇa (करण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: vega (प्रातिपदik)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया, एकवचन

• jighṛkṣan: wishing to seize
• jighṛkṣan: Kriyāviśeṣaṇa (क्रियाविशेषणम्)
• Type: Verb
• Root: grah (धातु)
• Form: सन्नन्त-इच्छार्थक (desiderative) धातु: ग्रह्; शतृ-प्रत्ययान्त वर्तमानकृदन्त, पुंलिङ्ग प्रथमा एकवचन; ‘wishing to seize’

• pannagottamam: the best of serpents
• pannagottamam: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: pannaga (प्रातिपदik) + uttama (प्रातिपदik)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन; समास: कर्मधारय (पन्नगानां उत्तमः)

Context

Then Hanuman rose up just like Garuda who goes at great speed to vanquish the best of serpents.

Characters & Entities

• Hanumān
• Māruta (Vāyu)
• Garuḍa
• Pannaga (serpents; archetypal foe of Garuḍa)

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

Dharma as steadfast resolve in righteous work: urgency is not haste for ego, but speed in service to a just purpose.

What is the narrative situation?

Hanumān begins his rapid journey, depicted through a powerful simile comparing him to Garuḍa.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Courage and decisive energy—Hanumān acts with unwavering momentum once the duty is clear.