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Shloka 19

सीताविलापः

Sita’s Lament and Prophecy of Lanka’s Ruin

इहस्थां मां न जानीते शङ्के लक्ष्मणपूर्वजः।जानन्नपि हि तेजस्वी धर्षणं मर्षयिष्यति।।।।

ihasthāṃ māṃ na jānīte śaṅke lakṣmaṇapūrvajaḥ | jānann api hi tejasvī dharṣaṇaṃ marṣayiṣyati ||

इहस्थां मां न जानीते इति शङ्के लक्ष्मणपूर्वजः; जानन्नपि हि तेजस्वी धर्षणं मर्षयिष्यति।

इहस्थाम्being here
इहस्थाम्:
Karma (कर्म; within object phrase)
TypeAdjective
Rootइह-स्थ (कृदन्त; √स्था धातु)
FormFeminine, Accusative, Singular; present participle/derivative 'standing here' used adjectivally qualifying माम्; अव्ययीभाव (इह + स्थ)
माम्me
माम्:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootअस्मद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
FormAccusative, Singular
not
:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध; negation)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootन (अव्यय)
FormNegation particle
जानीतेknows
जानीते:
Kriya (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Root√ज्ञा (धातु)
FormPresent tense (लट्), Ātmanepada, 3rd person, Singular
शङ्केI suspect
शङ्के:
Kriya (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Root√शङ्क् (धातु)
FormPresent tense (लट्), Ātmanepada, 1st person, Singular
लक्ष्मणपूर्वजःelder brother of Lakshmana (Rama)
लक्ष्मणपूर्वजः:
Karta (कर्ता; of जानीते)
TypeNoun
Rootलक्ष्मण-पूर्वज (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular; षष्ठी-तत्पुरुष (लक्ष्मणस्य पूर्वजः)
जानन्knowing
जानन्:
Karta (कर्ता; participial)
TypeVerb
Rootजानत् (कृदन्त; √ज्ञा धातु, शतृ)
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular; present active participle; concessive with अपि
अपिeven
अपि:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअपि (अव्यय)
FormConcessive particle (अपि = even)
हिindeed/for
हि:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootहि (अव्यय)
FormEmphatic/causal particle (हेतु/निश्चय)
तेजस्वीglorious
तेजस्वी:
Karta (कर्ता; predicate adjective)
TypeAdjective
Rootतेजस्विन् (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular; adjective of (रामः) implied
धर्षणम्outrage/insult
धर्षणम्:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootधर्षण (प्रातिपदिक)
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
मर्षयिष्यतिwill tolerate/endure
मर्षयिष्यति:
Kriya (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Root√मृष् (धातु; णिच् मर्षय)
FormFuture tense (लृट्), Parasmaipada, 3rd person, Singular

"The elder brother of Lakshamana does not know that I am here. Or, I'm afraid, the glorious Rama knows and yet tolerates such an outrageous act.

S
Sītā
R
Rāma (lakṣmaṇa-pūrvaja)
L
Lakṣmaṇa

FAQs

The moral anguish of perceived inaction: adharma feels unbearable when justice seems delayed, yet Sītā’s words arise from suffering, not from abandoning truth.

Sītā swings between two possibilities—Rāma is unaware of her location, or he knows and still delays—revealing the extremity of her distress.

Sītā’s frank truthfulness in grief (satya in suffering), and the implied standard that a dharmic hero should not endure injustice.