Shloka 31

स्वयम्प्रभा-विमोचनम् — Svayamprabha Leads the Vanaras Out

Time-Limit Crisis and Counsel

Devanagari script

स पूर्वं बद्धवैरो मां राजा दृष्ट्वा व्यतिक्रमम्।।।।घातयिष्यति दण्डेन तीक्ष्णेन कृतनिश्चयः।

Transliteration

sa pūrvaṃ baddhavairo māṃ rājā dṛṣṭvā vyatikramam |

ghātayiṣyati daṇḍena tīkṣṇena kṛtaniścayaḥ ||

Translation

स पूर्वं बद्धवैरो मां राजा दृष्ट्वा व्यतिक्रमम्। घातयिष्यति दण्डेन तीक्ष्णेन कृतनिश्चयः।।

Word by Word

• saḥ: he/that
• saḥ: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: tad (तद्)
• Form: Puṃliṅga, Prathamā, Ekavacana; pronoun

• pūrvam: formerly/earlier
• pūrvam: Kāla (काल)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: pūrva (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Kāla-avyaya (accusative adverb)

• baddhavairaḥ: harboring enmity
• baddhavairaḥ: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: baddha-vaira (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Puṃliṅga, Prathamā, Ekavacana; bahuvrīhi qualifying 'rājā': 'one who has bound/harbored enmity'

• mām: me
• mām: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: asmad (अस्मद्)
• Form: Dvitīyā, Ekavacana; object

• rājā: the king
• rājā: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: rājan (राजन्)
• Form: Puṃliṅga, Prathamā, Ekavacana; subject

• dṛṣṭvā: having seen
• dṛṣṭvā: Pūrvakāla-kriyā (पूर्वकाल-क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: dṛś (दृश् धातु)
• Form: Ktvā (क्त्वा) absolutive; prior action

• vyatikramam: transgression/lapse
• vyatikramam: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: vyatikrama (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Puṃliṅga, Dvitīyā, Ekavacana; object of dṛṣṭvā

• ghātayiṣyati: will kill/punish to death
• ghātayiṣyati: Kriyā (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: ghātaya (causative of han; हन् धातु)
• Form: Luṭ (future), Prathama-puruṣa, Ekavacana; Parasmaipada; causative = 'will cause to be killed/punish severely'

• daṇḍena: with punishment
• daṇḍena: Karaṇa (करण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: daṇḍa (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Puṃliṅga, Tṛtīyā, Ekavacana; instrumental of means

• tīkṣṇena: severe
• tīkṣṇena: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: tīkṣṇa (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Puṃliṅga, Tṛtīyā, Ekavacana; qualifying daṇḍena

• kṛtaniścayaḥ: having made up his mind
• kṛtaniścayaḥ: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: kṛta-niścaya (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Puṃliṅga, Prathamā, Ekavacana; bahuvrīhi qualifying rājā: 'one whose resolve is made/firm'

Context

'The Monkey-king nursed bitter enmity against me even earlier. Now seeing my lapse, he will decidedly inflict severe punishment on me.

Characters & Entities

• Aṅgada
• Sugrīva

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

Punishment (daṇḍa) should ideally be dhārmic and not driven by personal enmity; the verse exposes the danger of mixing justice with vengeance.

What is the narrative situation?

Aṅgada fears that Sugrīva—already hostile to him—will use the failed mission as a pretext for severe punishment.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Realism and self-awareness; Aṅgada reads political motives and personal hostility in leadership.