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Shloka 42

शरत्प्रवेशे रामविलापः तथा सुग्रीवप्रमादे लक्ष्मणप्रेषणम्

Autumn’s Onset: Rama’s Lament and Lakshmana Sent to Sugriva

व्यपेतपङ्कासु सवालुकासुप्रसन्नतोयासु सगोकुलासु।ससारसारावनिनादितासुनदीषु हृष्टा निपतन्ति हंसाः।।

vyapetapaṅkāsu savālukāsu prasannatoyāsu sagokulāsu | sasārasārāvanināditāsu nadīṣu hṛṣṭā nipatanti haṃsāḥ ||

व्यपेतपङ्कासु सवालुकासु प्रसन्नतोयासु सगोकुलासु। ससारसारावनिनादितासु नदीषु हृष्टा निपतन्ति हंसाः॥

vyapeta-paṅkāsuin (rivers) cleared of mud
vyapeta-paṅkāsu:
Adhikaraṇa-viśeṣaṇa (अधिकरण-विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootvyapeta (कृदन्त; vi-apa-√i 'इ' क्त, 'gone away') + paṅka (प्रातिपदिक)
Formबहुव्रीहिसमासः; स्त्रीलिङ्ग, सप्तमी, बहुवचनम्; नदीषु विशेषणम्—'यासु पङ्कः व्यपेतः' (where mud has cleared)
sa-vālukāsuwith sand
sa-vālukāsu:
Adhikaraṇa-viśeṣaṇa (अधिकरण-विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootsa (सह) + vālukā (प्रातिपदिक)
Formसह-तत्पुरुषः; स्त्रीलिङ्ग, सप्तमी, बहुवचनम्; नदीषु विशेषणम् (with sand)
prasanna-toyāsuwith clear water
prasanna-toyāsu:
Adhikaraṇa-viśeṣaṇa
TypeAdjective
Rootprasanna (प्रातिपदिक) + toya (प्रातिपदिक)
Formबहुव्रीहिसमासः; स्त्रीलिङ्ग, सप्तमी, बहुवचनम्; नदीषु विशेषणम्—'यासु तोयं प्रसन्नम्' (with clear water)
sa-gokulāsuwith cowherds/herds of cows
sa-gokulāsu:
Adhikaraṇa-viśeṣaṇa
TypeAdjective
Rootsa (सह) + gokula (प्रातिपदिक)
Formसह-तत्पुरुषः; स्त्रीलिङ्ग, सप्तमी, बहुवचनम्; नदीषु विशेषणम् (with herds of cows)
sa-sārasa-rāva-nināditāsuresounding with sārasa cries
sa-sārasa-rāva-nināditāsu:
Adhikaraṇa-viśeṣaṇa
TypeAdjective
Rootsa (सह) + sārasa (प्रातिपदिक) + rāva (प्रातिपदिक) + ninādita (कृदन्त; √nad 'नद्' caus./denom? here 'to resound', क्त)
Formबहुव्रीहिसमासः; स्त्रीलिङ्ग, सप्तमी, बहुवचनम्; नदीषु विशेषणम्—'यासु सारसानां रावैः निनादितम्' (resounding with sārasa calls)
nadīṣuin rivers
nadīṣu:
Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण)
TypeNoun
Rootnadī (प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग, सप्तमी, बहुवचनम्
hṛṣṭāḥjoyful
hṛṣṭāḥ:
Karta-anvaya (कर्ता-विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Roothṛṣṭa (कृदन्त; √hṛṣ 'हृष्' क्त)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, बहुवचनम्; हंसाः विशेषयति
nipatantialight/descend
nipatanti:
Kriyā (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootni-√pat (धातु)
Formलट्-लकारः, प्रथमपुरुषः, बहुवचनम्; परस्मैपदम्
haṃsāḥswans
haṃsāḥ:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Roothaṃsa (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, बहुवचनम्

'The swans are full of joy, flocking on the sand banks of rivers crowded with cows where the water is pure and devoid of mud. The rivers are full of sarasa birds and swans who are singing delightfully.

S
swans (haṃsa)
R
rivers (nadī)
C
cows (go)
S
sārasa birds

FAQs

Purity and clarity attract what is noble (the haṃsa as a traditional symbol of discernment); Satya and clean conduct create a ‘clear stream’ where good tendencies naturally gather.

Autumn’s rivers become clear and calm, drawing swans and sārasas; the landscape turns orderly and auspicious.

Discernment and purity (symbolized by the haṃsa), supporting the epic’s valuation of truth-clarity.